原创优秀英语翻译毕业论文范文
论文作者:佚名论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-20编辑:黄丽樱点击率:10143
论文字数:4568论文编号:org200904201726443136语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:translationlanguageenvironmentcommunicationCulture Differences
Introduction
As an English proverb says that: “No brick, no construction; no word, no composition.” Word is the basic and essential element in language and translation. During translation process it seldom occurs that a whole sentence, a paragraph or a text is wrongly translated, but it always happens that a word or an idiom is wrongly translated, because it is difficult to find them a suitable equivalent due to differences between two cultures and languages.
Different languages have much in common, so it is possible to translate them. But different peoples live in different environments, and have different histories and cultures, which leads to the appearance of such phenomenon-“lexical gap”. That is, in one language, equivalents can’t be found for some words in another language. As lexical gap is a big problem in translation field, we will dig out the roots that give birth to it and make out ways to clear up these obstacles on our way to translation equivalence.
I Definition and Categorization of Lexical Gap
In this capture, I’ll give the definition and the categorization of lexical gap.
1.1 Definition of Lexical Gap
“Lexical gap” is also called word vacancy. It is produced through the communication between different cultures and languages, which is originally a term that used in semantics and later is introduced into translation field. Despite its high frequency of appearance in translation field, “lexical gap” has not yet be collected as a standard entry in many translatology lexicons, and many translators cite the term according to their own comprehension of it(see 周方珠2004:17-21).
At present, three types of definitions are as follows: the first one refers to “the unique words in one culture” (Net. 1) [1]; the second one refers to “some words and concepts that exist in one language or culture and absent in some other languages or cultures, hardly be understood or easily be misunderstood” (王秉钦1993) [2]; the third one refers to “the way of expressions of some special culture words” (陈喜荣1998) [3]. These three types of definition have different focus but basically the same meaning.
According to Crystal David (1995:28), “Lexical gap is the term linguists use to describe a situation in which no single word exists in a language to denote a particular concept.” I prefer this definition. In another word, lexical gap means that there are no available words in the target language for the translator to use for translating those words.
There are several important properties to be remembered of “lexical gap”:
First, “lexical gap is a natural phenomenon in translation.” (周玉忠1991)
Second, it is the product of cross-culture communication.
Third, it is closely related to translation equivalence, because it represents non-equivalence in some aspects.
1.2 Categorization of Lexical Gap
Lexical gap between different languages is a natural phenomenon, which can be categorized of material life and social life.
Lexical gaps of material life refer to the original or unique things in the material life of a nation that do not exist in a foreign nation. They are mainly distributed in catering, clothing, money, measurement, building materials, furniture, medicine, sports, music, entertainment, science and technology, transportation and other areas.
Lexical gaps of social life refer to the words with culture connotations that have no suitable equivalent in a foreign language. It is distributed in values, social systems, philosophy,
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