英语论文网

e in Christian. Many English vocabularies are brought from the words or characters in the “Bible”, each of which have a specific meaning. For example, “a messiah”(弥赛亚—救世主) means “a leader who is regarded as or professes to be a savior or liberator.” The Old Testament predicted that one day the Messiah would be born and liberate Jews from oppression. “Solomon”(所罗门) means smart people, who is king of Israel famous for his wisdom and his architectural projects, including the Temple in Jerusalem. “Judas” is one of the disciples of Jesus, who betrayed Jesus for 30 silver coins. After long-term use, the word has become a synonym of traitor. In western countries, they have their Jesus Christ to worship, while in China which is a country of many nationalities, each of whom has their own god to worship. There are Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Christian, and many other minorities' religions, whose god may be Buddha, Yu Huang, Allah, Christ, and so on. As a result, many words and idioms are widely used in people’s daily life, such as “观音”, “玉帝”, “临时抱佛脚”, “不看僧面看佛面” and so on. Because most of the words have strong religious characteristics in the original language, it is difficult to find a corresponding word in a foreign language. 2.1.3 Different Life Experiences The life experiences in china and western countries are much more different, so there are some lexical gaps especially in the areas of the four basic necessities of life(衣食住行). Chinese put dress at the first place, possibly because it is the mark of civilization. In China, some dresses are of special Chinese characteristics, for example, “中山装”, “旗袍”, “龙袍”, “马褂” and so on. Chinese dishes are famous all over the world, for their strong flavor and diverse cooking method. So in Chinese we may cook by “煎”, “炒”, “炸”, “熘”, “煸”, “爆”, “炝”, “烹” which are very common in people’s daily life. And we eat food such as “麻婆豆腐”, “鱼香肉丝”, “饺子”, “炸酱面”, “烧饼”, “红烧排骨”and so on. There are also some other words such as “四合院”, “八仙桌”, “黄包车” which are completely not exist in western countries. Besides, there are some unique things and expressions in English. For example, “cheesecake” is a kind of food, but also used to refer to the photographs of minimally attired women informally. “Beefcake” refers to minimally attired men with muscular physiques, as in photographs or motion pictures. “Lazy Susan” refers to a revolving tray for condiments or food. “Merry widows” refers to a short strapless corset with half cups for the breasts and long garters. These words and expressions of unique western cultures background are vacancy in Chinese vocabulary. 2.1.4 Different Philosophies to the Material World Different people always have different philosophies to the material world, so the same objective thing is given different connotations in different cultures, which gives rise to different associations, especially animal. Dog is a good example. Though it is said to be good friend of mankind, Chinese usually connect this animal with derogative speech, even abusing ones, such as “狗嘴里吐不出象牙”(a filthy mouth can’t utter decent language), “狗崽子”(son of bitch), while in English, dog phrases are mostly non-derogative, such as “love me, love my dog”(爱屋及乌), “top dog”(具有最高权威的人), “lucky dog”(幸运儿), “dog-tired”(筋疲力尽的). Besides different emotional connotation, some collocations of animals are difficult to understand for people from other cultures. “sacred cow” will certainly remand us of something like religious sacrifice, actually it