英语翻译成汉语的技巧
论文作者:佚名论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-20编辑:黄丽樱点击率:7753
论文字数:4377论文编号:org200904201756098583语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:translation techniquesInversionlanguagediscussionNatural order
Introduction
Inversion, as one of the translation techniques, means the necessary or even inevitable change of word order in a sentence according to the convention of the language to be translated into. It is something different from the one in a grammatical sense where inversion means that the order of the subject and the predicate is changed. Here, inversion refers to the process of translation in which the word order of a sentence in the source language is changed or inverted in the target language.
Eg: He is not happy, though he is rich. 他虽富有,但不幸福。It was a keen disappointment that I had to postpone the visit which I had intended to pay to China in January.我原打算在一月访问中国,后来又不得不予以推迟,这使我深感失望. This “change of word order” is necessary because, first of all, each language has its own “natural word order” and its own peculiarities in word order; secondly, “inversion”, as a stylistic device, is often used for emphasis. Thirdly, in one sentence the words having different order may cause different meaning. Last but not least, the conscientious translator or interpreter has to keep in mind that “word order” is capable detriment to the interests of the original speaker or author. Eg: in Chinese, “我晒太阳。”and “太阳晒我。”The two sentences have different meanings, so does in English. Eg: A:“Speech by the Chinese Representative at the U.N.6th Committee on the Convention against the Taking of Hostages.” In Chinese, it means“中国代表在联合国六委关于反对劫持人质公约的发言。”However, if we change the word order of the English sentence like this: “Speech by the Chinese Representative on the Convention against the Taking of Hostages at the U.N. committee it could mean that the incident of the Taking of Hostages occurred at the 6th Committee, or that the Convention is rather a limited one, only opposing the Taking of hostages at the 6th! Or if the word order is changed like this: “Speech on Convention against the Taking of Hostages by Chinese Representative at the U.N. 6th Committee" it could mean that the "Convention" is directed against the Chinese Representative who has taken somebody as "hostage" and that the incident occurred at the U.N. 6th Committee! . Hence, word order is essential in the process of organizing sentences. “Though inversion belongs to the formal thing, if we didn’t deal with the specific ‘change of word order’ well the expression of original meaning or content would be affected, which is the counteraction of form to content.” Only if we know the rules of inversion well can we organize the order of words elastically and make the version faithful, smooth and graceful.
Contrasting and analyzing the similarities and differences of word order between English and Chinese.
Before our discussion on rules of “inversion”, let us deal with the “natural order”. “The important point to note in this connection is the fact that the ‘natural order’ of words in sentence construction varies from language to language.” In other words, what is regard as quite natural in word order in one language may seem to be very awkward or even unacceptable in another language.
1. Natural order in Address, Designation, Etc.
As is known to us all, “外交部礼宾司的李同志”is the natural order in Chinese. However, in English the same address reads: Comrade Li, Protocol Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The former puts the official positions from high to low before the person. The latter usually puts the person before the official position from low to high. Similarly, “巴基斯坦陆军第六师第一旅穆罕默得-汗少将”. is t
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