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kground. The following is another example: (15). The United States has now set up a loneliness industry Look at this sentence at the first sight, many questions may occur. What is the meaning of “loneliness industry”? Does it mean “孤独产业”in Chinese？All of these questions may puzzle many translators if they do not know the social background of the “loneliness industry”. Departing from the social situation of the United States, it is very difficult to understand and translate this sentence correctly. In fact, the “loneliness industry” refers to a part of American social welfare project. In the United States, a large number of old citizens live lonely, with little care from their relatives, which has been a serious social problem. So the government of the United States sets up a social welfare project named “loneliness industry”. Knowing this social background, we can easily understand the exact meaning of the sentence and translate it as “美国政府建立了一种为社会孤寡老人服务的社会项目”. 4.2. Reason and select the context according to the language and the environment The understanding of the original text under the impact of contextual factors is only the first step in translation. In this step, translators may make many assumptions according to different contextual factors. And the next step is the selection of the most suitable context and the best translation according to the principle of relevance between context and text. And in this step, the translators have to manage to make the expectation of target language reader accord with the intention of the author. During the process of translation, the translators need to analyze and reason the context dynamically, and make the translation as close to the intended meaning of the author as possible. From what has just been said, any aspect of interpretation or translation depends on context: “Context determines the disambiguation of linguistically ambiguous expressions: wrong contextual assumptions can lead to the choice of the wrong semantic representation of such expressions. Context is usually needed to determine the prepositional form of an utterance: again mismatches of context can lead to the derivation of a wrong propositional form. Context is needed to derive the implicatures of an utterance. Use of the wrong context can lead to the derivation of implicatures not intended—or it can cause intended implicatures to be missed. Context is needed to determine whether a propositional form is intended as an explicature, or whether it serves only to convey implicatures. Since this depends on the contextual assumptions available, the use of inappropriate context can lead to misunderstandings.” [27] Consider the following example: (16). She opened it carelessly. “Oh, Uncle, why do you carry so much cash when you have a Dinner’s Card?” She said sarcastically. Some translated it like this: 她粗心地打开钱包。“啊，叔叔，你既然有一张用餐卡，为什么还要带这么多现金啊？”她讥讽道。 Seeing the phrase “Dinner’s Card”, many people would connect it with the meaning “a card used for dining”. If people do not know the background knowledge of “Dinner’s card”, they will make a wrong assumption that leads to the wrong translation. After looking it up in the American encyclopedia, one can easily find out that “Dinner’s card” is a kind of credit card, which can be used for purchasing in the store without paying in cash. So the real translation of the sentence should be: 她满不在乎地打开钱包。“哎呀，大叔，你有迪纳尔信用卡，为什么还要带这么多的现金呢？” Here is another example: (17). My grandmother