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论文作者:留学生论文论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2024-08-25编辑:vicky点击率:44
论文字数:32522论文编号:org202408251524599496语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:$ 66
摘要:本文是一篇英语文学论文,笔者认为通过树立正确的自我价值观,积极运用理性和创造性之爱,个体可以有效地战胜异化。
本文是一篇英语文学论文,本文得出了结论,卡德威尔通过重构身份感,改善同他人的关系和对自身存在意义的寻觅成功地克服了异化。卡德威尔与异化的斗争对现代人对抗异化有借鉴意义。
Chapter One Manifestation of Caldwell’s Alienation
1.1 Caldwell’s Self-alienation
Fromm (2008) believes that powerlessness is one of the manifestations of alienation. If the individual does not feel his initiative in life, he will feel powerless. Caldwell’s powerlessness causes his somatization disorder. His sense of powerlessness forces him to accept reality through fantasy. Somatization disorders and his fantasies are manifestations of his self-alienation.
Caldwell’s alienation is manifested as somatization disorder. In the novel, Caldwell always thinks he is suffering from some kind of disease. As his mind state deteriorates, his physical pain becomes more intense. But at the end of the novel, it is revealed that Caldwell is healthy and he has no illnesses. This certainly suggests that his pain is repressed mental pain. And this pain is brought about by his powerlessness in life. This pain is an expression of his self-alienation. Caldwell’s fantasy of beautifying reality is also a manifestation of alienation. Caldwell can’t face his failure. He feels powerless in real life, so he decides to beautify reality with fantasy. Faced with an irresistible temptation, he pulls himself into a fantasy world. These mental abnormalities are the concrete manifestations of Caldwell’s self-alienation.
1.2 Caldwell’s Alienation in Family Relations
Fromm argues that anxiety is one of the manifestations of alienation. In capitalist societies, human relations are transformed by capital. Modern people make great material progress. They think that they are the center of the world. In fact, they have a strong sense of loneliness, hesitation, and powerlessness. The reproduction of capital makes everyone participate in competition, and there is only the value of mutual exploitation between each other. Individuals are transformed into commodities. The pursuit of material value leads to the neglect of the importance of emotion. Everyone lives in fear of falling behind in the competition. Alienation from others leads to a situation where material possessions start to dominate our interactions, thereby weakening the emotional connections among individuals.
The emotional connection between Caldwell and his family has also been affected. He regards material value as all, but he can’t provide enough material support for his family. As a result, he avoids emotional communication with family members. Eventually, Caldwell faces a difficult situation: anxieties cause him to neglect communication with his family. And the lack of communication makes Caldwell even more anxious.
Chapter Two Causes for Caldwell’s Alienation
2.1 Lack of Self-Identity
Caldwell’s somatization disorder is caused by his inability to adapt reality. Caldwell’s fantasy of reality stems from his inability to face reality. In other words, the concrete manifestations of Caldwell’s self-alienation lies in powerlessness. Without a sense of identity, the individual feels powerless. Fromm emphasizes the importance of a sense of identity. He thinks that the human need for sense of identity is a very basic one. “Man’s life cannot ‘be lived’ by repeating the pattern of his species; he must本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。