从文化角度看习语翻译 [12]
论文作者:黄顺玲论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-10编辑:黄丽樱点击率:15353
论文字数:7921论文编号:org200904101047376801语种:中文 Chinese地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:习语文化习语翻译Idiomsculturethe translation of idioms
meanings, which are not shown on the surface. But the whole ideas will not be complete if not expressed in the translation. In above translation, if the two phrases are not added, the readers will not understand why one "borrow joss-sticks" and why he "burns them before Buddha". And here, neither literal translation nor free translation is proper, for the former one---“To borrow joss-sticks and offer them to Buddha” cannot express the complete implicated meaning, and the latter---“to make presents provided by somebody else will lose the vivid image of the original.
On the other hand, because of the special nature of Chinese idioms, some of them often combine two idioms of the same meaning for better sound and form. As we know, repetition is one of the characteristics of the Chinese language. But in translating them into English, translators will feel it difficult to do the same, because English speakers do not often say things like this. They do not have the habit of repeating things. So in translating them, omission should be chosen to avoid unnecessary and tedious repetition. Look at the following,
(48) 取之不尽,用之不竭--inexhaustible
The idiom is quite nice in the eyes of Chinese speakers, for it is balanced, which conforms to the Chinese culture and the feeling of the Chinese people. But to English readers, who are used to being brief, a feeling of being wordy and strange will be unavoidably caused if they are translated as the Chinese words. Then the better way for a skillful translator to choose now is omission, which is to be translated as "inexhaustible" or "abundant". Here are few more examples:
(49) 沉鱼落雁之容,闭月羞花之貌 one's beauty would put the flowers to shame.
(50) 乐极生悲,否极泰来--extreme pleasure is followed by sorrow.
6. Conclusion
Idioms constitute the kernel and cream of a language. Chinese and English have developed the abundant and variety of idioms, which make themselves more vivid, more succinct and more expressive. They mainly come from the laboring people, from ancient languages or foreign languages, in which literature, history, religion and sports etc, have given rise to many such wonderful phrases and sentences concerned. With complexity in culture, idioms take many different forms or structures, and constitute obstacles to their translation. Therefore how to solve the cultural factors in idioms is a touchstone of successful rendering of idioms.
Culture is reflected in image, emotion, structure and logic of idioms. But culture is not an insurmountable obstacle. A translator needs to avoid possible cross-cultural misunderstanding and meanwhile make efforts to introduce the source language culture to the target readers, as people from any culture background are capable of understanding a foreign culture provided that it is properly represented.
In this paper several methods of idioms translation have been proposed. There are surely some more methods to be adopted. But which method to employ will completely depend on a situation or context and the importance of culture elements concerned. Even the same idiom may be translated in various ways in different contexts. As a result of complexity in English and Chinese idioms, it is better to integrate principle with flexibility in translating their images. We should always keep in mind that methods of translation are to serve the purpose of fully carrying out the principles of faithfulness and expressiveness.
Bibliography
[1] AS Hornby, 李北达. Oxford Advanced
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