英语论文网

快活的人了。” 3）英语中两个或两个以上的单词作定语放在中心词前共同修饰一个名词时，其基本语序是由小范围到大范围，由次要意义到重要意义，由程度弱到程度强，由一般到专有。意思越具体，物质性越强，就越靠近名词，而汉语与此正好相反。如： the advanced foreign experience 外国的先进经验 the ancient Chinese writer 中国古代作家一般说来，英语形容词词序的排列顺序为：（限定词大小、长短、高低形状年龄、新旧颜色国籍、地区、出处）+名词如：a small triangle green Danish stamp 而汉语中定语的顺序大致如下顺序排列：（时间、地点定语所有格定语指示性形容词或数词作定语限制性定语描写性定语表示性质或类属的定语）+名词如：这是香港去年的两种新产品。这是他们去年在这里做的两个实验报告。 2．形态和虚词汉语里定语和中心语之间常常要用结构助词“的”，因此“的”常常被看作定语的标志。例如，漂亮的衣服（形容词作定语）；爸爸买的衣服（主谓短语作定语）；毛料衣服（名词作定语），等等。值得注意的是“的”字省略受限的情况，例如“窄书”、“香饭”等尽管在语义上构成修饰语和中心语的关系，在形式上却不能没有“的”字，而相应的“窄路”、“香花”又都成立。同样，在领属结构中，省去了“的”字的“我爸爸”成立，但“我书”就不行。认知语言学近年来在解释此类现象上取得了较大进展，例如，“疏密原则”认为，“我”和“爸爸”之间的关系更亲密，因此可以省掉“的”。英语中和“的”字相对的形态标记有“’s”和“of”，两者之间可以互相转化，例如： my brother’s book = the book of my brother 英语的定语和中心语有时借助形态变化或连接手段也可以互相转化，例如： There is no importance in what he said. There is nothing important in what he said. 英汉语被动句受损语义比较下面的被动句语料取自Brown语料库，分别查找以are, is ,was, were和原型为be动词的被动句，从查找结果中分别摘取最后10句，摘列如下，句子前符号表示[+受损]、[-受损]或[+受损，-受损]：（由于时间关系，语料总数只抽取了50句，但基本倾向也可以略见一斑。） be动词为are的被动句 + - 1. From these a selection of designs are included which show the use of trammes of other institutes which are financed wholly or in part by them. + - 2. These expressions are associated with many experiences. + - 3. It remains true that many phenomena are charged with a magic quality of lion + - 4. acres or when million acres are sprayed with dieldrin. + - 5. Modern turbines are provided with anticipatory gear old buildings + - 6. and the side streets are studded with craftsmen's workshop + - 7. and the Turk whose names are associated with its construction, + 8. the E0Danes are annoyed with British farmers for fighting or interstices, + - 9. of which are filled with a caution, the remaining 72 J + 10. You are dissatisfied with your present. be动词为is的被动句 + - 11. …and the speech is picked up by a receiving aerial…of the Crimean campaign. + - 12. It is based upon vast research into unpublished… + - 13. …the stress is obtained. + - 14. Using this value of *1E*;*there, and the way the matter is broached varies. + - 15. Theme is discussed very fully, with frequent reference of Relativity + - 16. on which the theory is based was formulated by Poincareater a parish… +- 17. Name is the WORD OF GOD, Who is crowned with glory and honour. + - 18. A large proportion of their business is conducted weekly at premises. + - 19. A brand new baby is washed, weighed and dressed. + - 20. Then when the discrimination is improved when the number of permitted… be动词为was的被动句 + 21. My father was disappointed with me. + - 22. …and the dark Earth was fringed with the *"Wedding ring effect**". + - 23. …instead another question was raised with them. + - 24. Did they have Jehovr and, as a sailor, I was filled with admiration for the seamanlike way ercised his active mind. + - 25. I was filled with questions, he says, + - 26. …a classical legend was associated with Hades. + - 27. According to Hesiod, Test Case was noted working well when accompanied by rather investigation which, - 28. Dora May was gratified. + 29. But it was the day he was killed. + 30. He was injured. Be动词为were的被动句： + - 31. Thus if voltmeters of this type were used with the… + - 32. …it my fingers that were coated with my own blood or slime from… + - 33. I could see these windows were barricaded with boards. + - 34. Hales and Legge, whose names were linked with the i