eological approach to translation can be found in some of the earliest
examples of translation known to us' (Fawcett, 1998: 106-107). Nevertheless, the
linguistics-oriented approaches to translation studies have failed to address the
concept of ideology through years of their prevalence, because such approaches are limited to -‘their scientific models for research and empirical data they collect, so
that `they remain reluctant to take into account the social values [and ideologies] that
enter into ransl}ting as-:well一 as the stuffy of it' (Venuti, 199&: 1).
Calzada-PCrez advocates, that all language use, including translation, is
idlogical and this means that translation is always a site for ideological encounters
(2003: 2). Similarly, Schaffne}r claims that all translations are ideological since `the
choice of a source ;text and the use to which the su卜se}uent target text is put are
deten}nned the interests; aims, and objectives of social agents' (2003: 23). She
evidently opts for vank's definition for ideology as `basic systems of shared social
representations thal-naay ccantrolmore specific group beliefs' van DijC 1996: 7):
On the basis of a survey of definitions of ideology and its relation to translation,
this research firstly summarizes systematically the related academic findings in (1)
Foucauit's power discourse theory, from which translation studies now concern power
relations in textual production and reveal the manipulation of the translator herein; (2)
Even-Zohar's polysystem theory, which regards culture as a dynamic polysystem, and
literature as a subsystem of culture interacts with一other systems including the
ideological one; and (3) Gideon Toury's target-oriented approach, which claims that
most literary translations are selected for ideological reasons, to suit the target culture.
To have reviewed the history of translation of Jane Eyre in China,一 ahe
thesis then
makes a detailed comparative analysis of three Chinese ve}ions of Jane Eyre, i.e. the
ones translated by Li Jiye in 1933, by Zhu Qingying in 1980 and by Huang Yuanshen
in 1993, in non-linguistic and linguistic aspects to testify the role of ideology in
literary translation practice on micro level.
I,efevere says, "Perha the link between ideology on the one hand and strategies
for solving Universe-of-Discourse and linguistic problems on the other is
nowhere a obvious as in the justifrcatians used by translators to maintain in their
translations some of the linguistic and cultural. differ}ntations" (200!4:8): From this
case study, the thesis points out that the translations are the products of translators'
manipulation according to the source text under the effects of target cultural ideology.
In other words, the idea of translation as equivalence and transparency is not tenable
at all, even though it has struck deep roots in our thinking and speaking about
translation, and the translator is no longer invisible, whose discursive presence, as a
distinct voice and therefore a subject position, is always present in the text. The
purpose of this paper is to reveal the similar or different strategies and methods of
translation respectively adopted by translators of different times due to their unique
cultural background, dissimilar ideology and tries to
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