浅谈英语长句的汉语翻译 [9]
论文作者:高婧伟论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-10编辑:黄丽樱点击率:12943
论文字数:6312论文编号:org200904101101428161语种:中文 Chinese地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:long sentencesunderstandingexpressingtranslating长句理解表达翻译
aning. Generally, the attributive clause can be translated as a separate sentence from the main clause, or it can be translated as an adverbial clause.
(26)He decided to go to the market, which was far from his home, so he took a taxi.
In this sentence, the clause, “which was far from his home” is used to modify the noun “the market”, but it is not so closely related to the main clause in meaning. Rather, it can be regarded as a turning point in the sentence, so it can be separated from the main clause. So the translated version is “他决定去那个市场,而那个市场离他家很远,所以他打了车去。”
(27)He choose the red one whose color he liked. In this sentence, the attributive clause “whose color he liked” can be regarded as the reason why “he choose the red”, so the attributive clause can be translated as an adverbial clause indicating reason. The translated version is “他选了那个红的,因为他喜欢那种颜色。”
(28) He left at one o’clock last night, when all the others were sleeping. In this sentence, the attributive clause is used to indicate “the time when he left”, so this clause can be regarded as a time adverbial clause. Besides, in translating this sentence, a transitional word can be used to link the two clauses to make the whole sentence natural. The translated version can be “他是昨天晚上1点走的,那时候,其他人都在睡觉。”
It can be seen, in the translated sentence, the transitional phrase “那时候” is used to connect the two clauses, making the whole sentence sound natural. So, in a word, attributive clauses that have close relation with the main clause should be translated and put before the noun as modifiers, and those attributive clauses that are not used to modify the noun and which are not so closely related to the main clause should be translated as adverbial clauses.
3.4.5 Translation by rearrangement of the original sentence
There are some sentences in English, especially in law documents and technology documents, which have rather complex sentence structures, which, without a thorough study of the structure, would be too difficult to translate. In this case, the whole structure of the English sentence must be changed in order that the Chinese version should comply with Chinese grammatical rules. This kind of translation is achieved by rearrangement of the original sentence.
(29)Petra had become the leader of the girls as soon as she snapped out of her original depression at coming to Prague.
This sentence contains four verbs- come to “Prague, depress, snap out of the depression, and became the leader.” In Chinese, the four verbs should be arranged in time sequence, so the order of the verbs should be “come to Prague, depress, snap out and become the leader.” So the translated version should be “佩德到了布拉格,原是满怀抑郁,后来变得开心起来,就立刻成了女孩子们中间的领袖。”
(30)I couldn’t beat a boy who hadn’t got a relation in the world and whose father had left him to me because he thought I’d be kind to him.
In this sentence, there are two attributive clauses to modify the noun “the boy”, and there’s an adverbial clause indicating the reason of the second attributive clause, and, what’s more, where’s an object subordinate clause “I’d be kind to him”. How can we put these clauses in Chinese sentences?
After reading the whole sentence, we find out that there are four meanings in this sentence, and we should, as usual, put these meanings in time sequence. Thus, the order should be: first, “he hadn’t got a relation in the world”; second, “he thought I’d be kind to him”; third, “the father left him to me”; fourth, “I cou
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