浅谈英语长句的汉语翻译 [2]
论文作者:高婧伟论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-10编辑:黄丽樱点击率:12935
论文字数:6312论文编号:org200904101101428161语种:中文 Chinese地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:long sentencesunderstandingexpressingtranslating长句理解表达翻译
relationship between clauses, while in Chinese sentences, words are employed show the readers the relationship between clauses.” [2] P120To use an example to clarify the process,
(1)The improvement in his health resulted from the physical exercises he did every morning.
In this sentence, the attributive clause is “he did every morning”. After reading the sentence, we can find out that the fact that “he did exercises everyday” is the reason for “his improvement in health”, thus, in English Chinese translation we should choose the Chinese equivalence of “because” to be used before the attributive clause to suggest the relationship between the attributive and the main clause, This English sentence can be translate in Chinese,因为他每天早晨都锻炼,所以身体好了很多。
(ii). Attributive clause suggesting time
Attributive clause sometimes is used to show the main clause. In translating this type of attributive clauses, an analysis of the relationship between the main and attributive clauses is necessary so as to choose a proper Chinese equivalence of the word “when”, “after” or “before”.
(2)At seven, he went up to look at John, who was sleeping at that time.
In this sentence, the attributive clause“who was sleeping at that time”can be regarded as the time when the action in the main clause took place. As a result, we should translate the attributive clause as a time adverbial clause, and the Chinese equivalence of the word “when” should be put before the attributive clause to suggest the time.
(iii). Attributive clause suggesting transition turn
Attributive clause can also be used to suggest transition turn. In this case, the Chinese equivalence of the word “but” should be put before the attributive clauses. Consider the following sentence,
(3) He didn’t want to see his wife, who, unexpectedly, came back after two days.
After reading this sentence, it is easy for us to find out that the attributive clause “who, unexpectedly, came back after two days” should be regarded as a turning point of the main clause, so it is equal to this sentence in meaning “He didn’t want to see his wife, but she came back after two days.” Thus, in translating this sentence, we should put the Chinese equivalence of the word “but” before the attributive clause”.
2.1.2 Adverbial clause
“The use of adverbial clauses can also result in long English sentences. Adverbial clauses are those used to suggest time, place or reason of the main clauses. Adverbial clauses can be put either before or after the main clauses, and the specific relationship between the main clause and the adverbial clause can be easily identified because the relationship is clearly suggested by the different word used before the adverbial clause.” [3]P563 For instance, an adverbial clause beginning with the word “when” naturally suggests time, and one with the word “because” implies cause. Compared with attributive clause, adverbial clause is generally easier to translate. In translating the English sentence into Chinese, the adverbial clauses are mostly put ahead of the main clauses in Chinese. We can look at the following sentences,
(4)“Please turn off the light when you leave the room.”[4]P140
In translating this sentence, we should put the adverbial clause when you leave the room before the main clause according to the common way of expression in Chinese.
2.1.3 Compound sentence
“Compound sentences are often long sentences because a compound sentence usually includes two clauses. What, however, makes
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