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味食品或特产而言，一定程度的直译是世界各国的约定俗成的办法。无论是汉堡包，冰淇淋，色拉还是jiao-zi,Woolong Tea,Mao-tai都早已被译入国的消费者所接受。”[13]（P36）但是这种译法有时也会使不熟悉中国菜的外国食客感到困惑。东坡肉中的“Dongpo”，宋嫂鱼羹中的“Songsao”，何许人也？碰到喜欢追问究竟的食客，翻译时可采用下面的音译+释意法。 (三)、音译+释意法 “音译(即以汉语拼音代替英文进入菜谱)最为省事，但外国人看不懂，中国人也不一定懂，写了等于没写。“狗不理包子”译为Goubuli Baozi，等于没译。” [14]（P12）因此纯粹的音译要尽量避免。另外对于上面提到的直译+音译所碰到的问题，如翻译四川名小吃担担面，在菜名后面可加一段解释的文字。示例如下： Dan Dan Noodle This sack is a kind of hot-spiced noodles or spicy peanut noodles.It is favored with a sauce containing dried shrimp, shredded preserved vegetables,crushed roasted peanuts, sesame seeds, chilli oil,soy sauce,vinegar and garlic. Dandan refers to shoulder poles. In the earliest time when a noodle peddler shoulder his pole, he usually carried two baskets on either side as he walked along streets. The baskets contained his noodles and sauce. He sold his noodles to passers-by and residents who lived on the streets. His noodles cost almost nothing, and gradually local people called it Dandan Noodle.[15]（P165） (四)、直译＋释意法对于艺术命名法的菜名，其名称本身既不反映菜的原料，也不反映烹调方法，若要讲清其意义，必须讲述一个故事或一段历史，这在饭桌上翻译人员可以拿来做为活跃气氛的话题。翻译时则先直译出菜名的中文意思，再进行解释。如：叫化鸡 Beggar’s Chicken---There is a legendary story connected to it. Long long ago there was a beggar. One day he stole a chicken and was pursued by the owner. He was almost caught when he suddenly hit upon a good idea. He smeared the chicken all over with clay, which he found nearby and threw it into the fire he had built to cook it. After a long while the beggar removed the mud-coated from the fire. When he cracked open the clay he found, to his astonishment, that the clay together with the feather had formed a hard shell in which the chicken had been baked into a delicious dish with wonderful flavour. That night he had a very enjoyable meal. Hence the name of the dish.[16] （P57）佛跳墙 The Buddhist monk jumping over the wall---Ingredients used for the casserole are all delicacies of Chinese cooking: shark’s fin, sea cucumber, abalone, dried scallop, ham, chicken, duck, lamb, bamboo shoots, mushrooms and various spices. These are sealed inside the casserole and boiled for long hours, ensuring the essence of each ingredient is being extracted. Thus, besides the wonderful taste, the casserole also has high nutritive values.[17](P304) The meaning of “the Buddhist monk jumping over the wall” is that, this dish is so delicious that the Buddhist monk can not help to jump over the wall and have a taste. (五)、直译＋注释法药膳是中国传统饮食疗法之一，也是饮食文化的重要特色；药膳既有营养作用，又有防治疾病和强身健体的功效，因此颇受外国食客的欢迎。对于药膳的翻译，应能译出它的原料和烹法，此外还应译出其主要药理作用，以便不熟悉中国饮食文化的外国友人选择和品尝。雪耳龙眼汤 White Fungus and Shelled Longan Soup (with the function of improving lungs and preventing anemia) 双鞭壮阳汤 Ox-tail Soup (with the function of being more energetic) 天麻炖乌鸡 Stewed Pheasant with Gastrodia (with the function of preventing dizziness and curing headache) 银杏子鸡丁 Braised Diced Young Chicken with Gingko (with the function of strenthening liver and spleen) 西洋参冬虫夏草焖子鸡 Stewed Squab with American Ginseng and Chinese Caterpillar Fungus (with the function of tonic and tranquilizer)[18](P26) 这里一个需要注意的问题是中国菜中有时会用到动物的外生殖器，如上面的“双鞭壮阳汤”，“其中的‘鞭’字是为了求雅，直表其意会使西人大倒胃口，译为‘ox-whip’又不能表达什么意思，因此可以含蓄的译为‘ox-tail’ 。” [19] (六)、意译法有时人们根据菜的主料和配料色或形的特点，或烹调后总体造型给菜肴取个吉祥如意的典雅名称，对于这类艺术命名法或虚实命名法的菜名一般采用意译，舍形或舍音求意，将其原料和烹法照实译出。如“狮子头”若直译为Lion Head,极易使外国不懂窍的中餐食客发生误会，以为他不得不鼓起勇气去啃“兽中之王”的脑袋。[20]（P12）因此江苏名菜中的蟹粉狮子头就可译为Crab Meat and Minced Pork Ball in Casserole。[21]（P303）其他示例如下：发财好市，即发菜煮嚎豉，人们喜欢在新春佳节品尝这道菜，以祈求“发财”、“好生意”。因为“发菜