英汉谚语的比较 [2]
论文作者:冯丽华论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-06编辑:黄丽樱点击率:9819
论文字数:4890论文编号:org200904061105306771语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:proverbssimilaritiesdifferencesinterfusion 谚语相同点不同点融合Words] proverbs
n the production struggle and the social life and the crystal of wisdom. [4] An English proverb itself tells us that“Proverbs are the daughter of experience.” From these we can find that English and Chinese proverbs enjoy the similar origin: they both originate from people’s daily life and experience. Specifically speaking, they both come from folk life, mythology, literary works and from other languages.
2.1.1 Originating from folk life
Proverbs are the summary of people’s daily life and experience, and closely related to the practice of people’s life and work, revealing a universal truth from details so as to enlighten people. There are many proverbs originated from folk life. They are created by working people, such as farmers, workmen, hunters, businessmen, army-men and so on. They use familiar terms that were associated with their own fields. E.g.:
Farmers created the following proverbs:
(1) Make hay while the sun shines.
(2) April rainy for corn, May for grass.
(3)肥不过春雨, 瘦不过秋霜。
(4)春天不忙,秋后无粮。
Workmen created the following proverbs:
(5) Strike while the iron is hot.
(6) A good anvil does not fear the hammer.
(7)木匠怕漆匠,漆匠怕光亮。
Hunters created the following proverbs:
(8) He that is afraid of every bush will never prove a good huntsman.
(9)上山打虎心要狠,下海提龙心要齐。
Businessmen created the following proverbs:
(10) You pay your money and take your choice.
(11)货有高低三等价,客无远近一样待。
Army-men created the following proverbs:
(12) A good general make good men.
(13)养兵千日,用在一时。
These were first used by a limited group of people in the same fields. Because they are philosophical colloquialism, later they gradually gained wide acceptance and partly became part of the common corn of language and are now used in many other situations.
2.1.2 Originating from mythology
Each nation has its own mythology, fable and allusion. Chinese traditional culture, ancient Greek and Roman civilization bequeath many mythologies and allusions. They become one of the major sources of proverbs. The stories and heroes in Greek Mythology, The Fable of Aesop and The Homer left a lot of proverbs. E.g.:
(14) I fear the Greeks, even when bringing gifts. (From the well-known story of the Trojan horse by which the Greeks took the city of Troy.)
(15) You cannot make a Mercury of every dog. (From Roman Mythology. It means that not every mind will answer equally well to be trained into a scholar).
(16) The fox said the grapes were sour. (From The Fables of Aesop. It means that one said something is bad when one cannot get it.)
Chinese culture can trace back to ancient times. There were many natural phenomenons and our ancestor can’t explain these phenomenons. They created the mythology and fable to explain the phenomenon. So many Chinese proverbs come from mythology and fable. E.g.:
(17)八仙过海,各显神通。(from《八仙过海》)
(18)过着牛郎织女的生活。(from a folk legend)
2.1.3 Originating from literary works
Many English and Chinese proverbs come from literary works. A nation’s literary languages are its language’s ginger. They promote the development of language. Some of brilliant sentences, plot and hero’s name in literary works become proverbs.[5]
There are many great writers in western society, such as Shakespeare, Francis Bacon, John Milton and so on. They had made distinctive contributions to the development of English literature. Their works were accepted and passed on by English people from generation to generation. Many sentences become the English p
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