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ning the content and characteristicsof the original text is a basic requirement,the translation should be helpful to the understanding andacceptance of multiple parties interested in the metaverse.

Chapter 2 Theoretical Framework in Translation

2.1 A Brief Account of Cohesion Theory

Catford defined translation as the equivalent substitution of languages.In his view,the keyconcept in this definition is“equivalence”.However,there are still many questions to be discussedabout this definition.Can complete equivalence be achieved in the translation process from onelanguage to another?If not,there is another choice to be made.We must choose which aspect ofequivalence to be achieved and which to be left out.Also,at what level can equivalence be achieved?Is it the equivalence of the whole text,or is it the equivalence of each language item?This is along-standing debate in translation study.After all,the fundamental reason is that we cannot achievecomplete equivalence between two different languages.In other words,the so-called equivalence isan absolutely ideal pursuit of translation,is an ideal that can never be realized.Given thiscircumstance,the cohesion theory put forward by Halliday and Hasan is of more realisticsignificance and practical value in guiding translation.

Cohesion is a set of meaning relations that exist universally in all kinds of discourse.Itdistinguishes text from non-text and connects the actual meaning in a text.It is a necessary but notsufficient condition for the formation of a text(Du&Tang,2011:79).To be practical,no matter whattranslation method is adopted by the translator and what translation purpose is involved in the text,the most basic requirement for the translation is coherence,otherwise the communication task will end in a failure.And to achieve coherence,the most effective way is cohesion.

2.2 Cohesion and Translation

In this report,the translator takes the cohesion theory as the guiding theory.This choice isbased on the following two considerations:Firstly,Halliday’s functional linguistics has maderemarkable achievements in cohesion theory and related practice,and his detailed description ofcohesion in English provides reliable theoretical basis for English-Chinese translation practice;Secondly,in the context of different social and cultural backgrounds,along with a comparativeanalysis of the differences in cohesion between English and Chinese languages,it can be said thatHalliday’s profound understanding of the relationship between cohesion and coherence of a text hasthe most direct guiding effect on the practice of English-Chinese translation.In this regard,thistranslation practice report is another attempt to guide translation practice by cohesion theory underthe framework of Halliday functional linguistics.

Formal features are used to embody cohesion mechanisms,and they do not represent anycohesion relation alone(Halliday&Hasan,1976).Therefore,when discussing textual cohesion,two levels of cohesion should be taken into consideration:on the semantic level,cohesion is a conceptof sense;while at the formal level,that is,when it comes to phonetics,intonation,vocabulary andgrammar,the cohesion of a text is reflected by the language form.In translation practice,that is tosay,the equivalence of cohesive devices means that the cohesive items in the cohesive chain thatrun through the whole segment i本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。