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文一运用了七次衔接,衔接手段三种:重复、同构、照应。
类似译文一的译文是50篇译文中出现频率最高的。它们表达基本正确,行文也算通畅,和原文比较贴近。再来看看译文二和译文三:
(二) The first generation of museums in the world belongs to natural museums. Through something like fossils or dead dry bodies, the museums introduce to people the evolutionary history of the Earth as well as various creatures. The second generation is for the industrial technology introduction. These museums exhibit all kinds of phasical fruit of the industrial civilization. There is no denying that the above two generations of museums have properly performed the function of spreading science and knowledge, but the weak point still exists. They have taken the visitors just as passive standers-by.(关燕, 93 words)
同样,在译文二中也有对“museums”这个词的四次重复;“something”是词汇衔接中的泛指词;“第二代博物馆”译文二处理成“the second generation”,和原文一样使用了省略这一衔接方式;而“these”、“the above two generations of”和“they”所体现的衔接手法都属于照应。译文二共运用了十次衔接,衔接手段四种:重复、省略、词汇衔接和照应。
于译文一相比,译文二在表达上要自如得多,流畅而且不乏变化,但略有冗长之虞。论及简练与否,再来看看译文三:
(三) The first generation of museums in the world are museums of nature, in which all kinds of fossils and models are provided in order to introduce the history of the earth and the evolution process on it. The second are those of industrial technologies, where achievements brought by the industrial civilization are displayed. Although these two sorts of museums play a somewhat important role in spreading knowledge, they treat visitors in a passive viewer s way.(王哲元, 75 words)
在译文三中,“museums”一共出现三次,重复两次;“in which”和“where”实际上是一样的,构成了同构关系,但是行文上又略有变化;“the second”使用了省略手法,“those”是替代用法,“of”重复一次,两个“of”词组又构成了同构关系;“it”、“these two sorts of”和“they”是照应性中的回指。译文三一共运用了十次衔接,衔接手段五种:重复、同构、省略、替代和照应。于译文一相比,译文三简洁、灵活又富于变化。
三篇译文,三种水平。译文二比译文一灵活,译文三又比译文二简洁。从平时的作业中可以看出,三位译者的英语和汉语水平大致相当,这三篇译文间的差异,源于三位译者在衔接应用上的差异。
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