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争事实 ,而且还会经久不衰。
     就结构而言 ,tell 类的动词的基本结构大都以听话者为宾语 ,紧接着为介词加上‘信息’,或后跟THAT分句 ,WH2或2ING补语分句 ,与 inform颇为相似。inform 后跟的结构 ,常见的还有 as to。例如:The secretary has not yet informed us as to the committee’s decision.     We should be obliged if y ou would be s o g ood as toinform us for what reas on y ou have been withholding fromLucas Ball here , the income he should have inherited athis father’ s death.这里的as to 只是of 的代用词 ,而且带有公文语体的特征。
      二、结构与语义
      语言学研究表明 , inform 的句法结构与内在语义有关。
      就结构而言 ,Dix on (1991)有一段非本论文由英语论文网 www.51lunwen.org整理提供常精辟的阐述。他指出:The INFORM subtype has Addressee in Oslot. The message is introduced by o f or on or about(The preposition must drop before a THAT and may dropbefore a WH2 complement) .也就是说 , Inform 把听话者置于宾语的空位 ,由of 或 on 或 about 来引导信息(在 THAT分句前面介词必须去掉 ,而在 WH - 补语分句前则可以去掉) 。这些动词可以与某种事实(THAT) ,澄清(WH— 或 WH—TO) 或持续性活动相关联。例如: Remind me that I have to set the alarm.She’ ll inform us (about) whether (we have) to dress fordinner. Fred informed Mary about John’ s having beenwaiting outside her door all afternoon.语言学研究表明 ,inform 不能后跟双宾语结构。如 ,我们不能说:3 He informed her his engagement .也不能说:3 He informed his engagement to her.因为双宾语结构中 ,说话者有这样一个示意 ,我这么说是更多地考虑听我说话的人 ,本论文由英语论文网 www.51lunwen.org整理提供而不是经受的事物。(见拙著《现代英语句法与语义》航空工业出版社 ,2005) 。而inform含有说话者意在影响一个特定的人 ,而且还包含有对这个特定的人的假设。我们认为inform 一般不能省去 “听话者”,这是inform的潜在语义所致。但是在实际语言中 ,省去“听话者” 的现象还是偶有所见。例如:F orward scouts came back to inform that the Englishmight have reached Cheswick , a mere six miles to thes outh , and its vanguard would be before Berwick in a fewhours.—Flowers of Chivalry ,Tranter , Nigel , Hodder ,1987A priest from C ounty G alway , in a letter to the IrishTimes , informed that Dr Enda McDonagh , a noted Romancatholic moral theologian , had told priests of the Tuamarchdiocese in January that it was possible to make adistinction between the church’ s teaching on the idea ofmarriage and div orces as a civil right .—The Tragedy o f Belief , Fultop , John , Ox fordUniversity Press , Ox ford 1991
     三、词义辨析
    语言学调查表明 ,notify , advise 与 inform 在 “通知” 这个意思上是近义词。但句法结构与潜