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摘　要　“大”是汉语中的一个普通词,然而因语境的不同往往含义各异,在汉译英中就有理解之后的
不同译法。作者从35 个方面对其作了一些研究。
Abstract 　“Da”is a common Chinese word ,but it has different connotations as a result of different con2
texts ,and therefore there exist different ways in C- E translation. This paper falls into 35 parts and makes
some study of it .
Key words 　Da and such like 　C- E translation 　a detailed discussion
　 “大”在汉语中可与各种词搭配,其用途亦较广。从广义的角度来看,涉及面较大,包括政治、经济、文化、科学技术等方方面面。从语用的角度来看,它又往往会因语境的不同而产生不同的含义,结果带来理解上的千差万别。理解是翻译的前提,正确的理解才能带来正确的译文,一旦误解了则必然会误译。笔者曾在翻译教学中进行过一些尝试,结果证明确实如此。现将“大”类汉语词语试译如下,不妥之处还望方家指正。
    1 　译为cats and dogs ,hard ,heavily 等词例1 :天连续下了三天大雨。It rained cat s and dogs (或hard 或heavily)three days on end (或in succession 或running) .本论文由英语论文网 www.51lunwen.org整理提供
    2 　译为big ,large ,tall ,horse 等词例2 :他爱说大话。He likes talking big ( 或talking large 或talking horse 或talking tall) 或He likes sayingbig words (或large words) .
   3 　译为three days ago例3 :我们在大前天偶然遇见了他。We met with (或chanced upon 或ran into或knocked into 或came across 或encountered或ran across) him three days ago.
   4 　译为“be + 倍数+ 形容词比较级+ than”或“be + 倍数+ as large( 或big) as”或“be + 倍数+ the size of”例4 :这个教室比那个教室大五倍。This classroom is five times bigger (或larg2er) than that one 或is six times as large (或big)as that one 或six times the size of that one.
    5 　译为strong ,heavy例5 :大风大雨不能阻止我们出去。St rong wind and heavy rain can’t prevent(或keep 或stop) us f rom going out .
   6 　译为good ,general , spring ,thorough例6 :他们在给教室大扫除。They are giving the classroom a good ( 或general 或spring 或thorough) clean (ing) .
   7 　译为loud ,at the top of例7 :她大声地说:“我们把她当作我们的朋友”。She said in a loud (或big) voice (或at thetop of her voice) ,“We look on ( 或regard 或think of 或view 或see 或take 或repute 或rec2ognize) her as our f riend. ”
    8 　译为by no means( 或in no way 或on no ac2count) 等例8 :像他这样的人大有人在。A person like him is by no means (或in noway 或on no account 或never 或not absolutely)rare.
    9 　译为f inal ,end-of- term例9 :他小声地说:“大考就要来临了。”He said in a soft (或low 或gentle) voice ,“The end-of- term(或final) examination is near2ing (或approaching 或coming near 或drawingnear 或at hand)”1
    10 　译为mostly , chiefly , mainly , in the main ,in chief例10 :这个小组大体由年轻人组成,其中有一个不满16 岁。This group is in chief ( 或in the main 或mostly 或chiefly 或mainly) made up of theyoung people ,one of whom is on the right side ofsixteen.
   11 　译为in a big way ,on a big( 或large) scale例11 :根据你的建议,我们应该大办工业。We should go in for indust ry in a big way inaccordance with (或in light of 或in the light of或on the basis of 或in terms of 或in line with或agreeable to) your suggestion (或according asthe suggestion you have made 或According to 或agreeably to 或depending on) your suggestion ,we should go in for indust ry on a large (或big)scale. 本论文由英语论文网 www.51lunwen.org整理提供
    12 　译为in the family way 等例12 : 他叫他那大肚子妻子不要大惊小怪。He told his wife ,who was big with child (或was in the family way 或was pregnant 或gotherself in a family way 或was in an interestingcondition 或was in a delicate condition 或wasexpecting 或was with child 或was a mother- tobe或wore the apron high 或went with child 或was going to have a baby 或was about to becomea mother) ,not to make a fuss about nothing (或make a fuss over a t rifle 或make much ado aboutnothing 或be much ado about nothing) .
    13 　译为be very famous 等例13 :他因其学问而大名鼎鼎。He is very famous (或very well known 或kn