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e the scientific merits of this particular model system? What advantages does it confer in answering the particular question you are posing? Do not discuss here the actual techniques or protocols used in your study (this will be done in the Materials and Methods); your readers will be quite familiar with the usual techniques and approaches used in your field. If you are using a novel (new, revolutionary, never used before) technique or methodology, the merits of the new technique/method versus the previously used methods should be presented in the Introduction. Top of Page MATERIALS AND METHODS This section is variously called Methods or Methods and Materials. 1. Function: In this section you explain clearly how you carried out your study in the following general structure and organization (details follow below): the subjects used (plant, animal, human, etc.) and their pre-experiment handling and care, and when and where the study was carried out (if location and time are important factors); if a field study, a description of the study site, including the physical and biological features, and precise location; the experimental OR sampling design (i.e., how the experiment or study was structured. For example, controls, treatments, the variable measured, how many samples were collected, replication, etc.); the protocol for collecting data, i.e., how the experimental procedures were carried out, and, how the data were analyzed (statistical procedures used). Organize your presentation so your reader will understand the logical flow of the experiment ; subheadings work well for this purpose. Each experiment or procedure should be presented as a unit, even if it was broken up over time. In general, provide enough quantitative detail (how much, how long, when, etc.) about your experimental protocol such that other scientists could reproduce your experiments. You should also indicate the statistical procedures used to analyze your results, including the probability level at which you determined significance (usually at 0.05 probability). 2. Style: The style in this section should read as if you were verbally describing the conduct of the experiment. You may use the active voice to a certain extent, although this section requires more use of third person, passive constructions than others. Avoid use of the first person in this section. Remember to use the past tense throughout. The Methods section is not a step-by-step, directive, protocol as you might see in your lab manual. 3. Strategy for writing the Methods section. 4. Methods FAQs.Top of Page Describe the organism used in the study. This includes giving the source (supplier or where and how collected), size, how they were handled before the experiment, what they were fed, etc. In genetics studies include the strains or genetic stocks used. Describe the site where your field study was conducted. The description must include both physical and biological characteristics of the site pertinant to the study aims. Include the date of the study (e.g., 10-15 April 1994) and the exact location of the study area. Location data must be as precise as possible: "Grover Nature Preserve, ? mi SW Grover, Maine" rather than "Grover Nature Preserve" or "Grover". When possible, give the actual latitude and longitude position of the site (the WWW has sites which provide this service). It is most often a good idea to include a map (labeled as a Figure) showing the location in relation to some larg