摘要:本文是一篇新加坡留学生论文,研究的目标是住房和城市资金可持续发展,对于亚太地区来说,城市化、经济增长、贫困和环境恶化多因素制衡,再加上经济泡沫的影响,城市化的进行任重道远。
various development partners will ensure realization of the programs of the sector. The development of the Urban Master Plans and the construction of basic infrastructure on allotted sites will enable investors to orient their investments (industrial parks, tourist zones, commercial areas, etc.).
2.8.5.Government Programmes
In relation to the sector, the Government of Rwanda plans to develop and update the legislative and regulatory framework; it envisages the development of master plans for all the towns and cities of the country. This policy recommends the elaboration of particular plans for urban development and other tools of urban planning (such as the Simplified Plans of Urbanization- SPU) and management adapted to the immediate needs of the respective Districts.
2.9. OBJECTIVES OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT (MDGs, NEPAD, etc….)
2.9.1 MDGs
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) plan to “Ensure favorable conditions” and reduce by half the percentage of the population without access to potable water by 2015. It aims “to improve the lives of at least 100 millions people living in slums by 2020”. In this context, the National Urban Housing Policy aims at upgrading unplanned settlements and developing urban areas within the framework of sustainable socio-economic development.
2.9.2 NEPAD
NEPAD recommends sustainable urbanization under social, environmental, economic, and political frameworks. The local players, particularly local authorities must be supported by improving their capacities for planning and urban management.
The policy places particular emphasis on planning and the development of the earmarked areas to allow sustainable urbanization. The strengthening of the institutional and financial capacities of local communities will enable them to execute their duties in urban planning and development.
2.9.3. Policy Actions
Under the Urban Housing Policy, the government aims to execute the following policy actions:
2.9.3.1 Urban Housing
(a). Develop programmes aimed at providing urban housing for a cross-section of the population;
(b). Establish minimum standards in the construction of housing with respect to
construction codes and provision of adequate basic facilities such as water and
sanitation, access to reliable power sources, and basic social amenities within easy reach of residential areas;
(c). Provide the legal and regulatory framework to encourage private sector participation in the development of urban housing vis-à-vis the development of housing estates;
(d). Facilitate the development of housing stock in order to cater for increase demand for ownership and short term occupation;
(e). Establish “owner-occupier” housing under affordable mortgage schemes guaranteed by employers, both public and private;
(f). Develop and establish tax incentive schemes to encourage people to obtain housing loans;
(g). Facilitate the access to housing finance for low and middle income people;
(h). Establish
guidelines on the upgrading of informal settlements and put in place legal and regulatory measures to ensure that expropriations if required are carried out in line with internationally acceptable norms;
(i). Decent
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