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uishes“trivial”from“strong”anthropomorphism.In Simons’opinion,trivialanthropomorphism refers to treat animals as people,such as children literature or fables.Trivial anthropomorphism is here and there in everyday life.For example,People traintheir pets to perform human tasks such as using a toilet,or teach them to shake handswith people.Anthropomorphism is less a projection than an appropriation and a forcible“morphing”of animals into a human image,a literal anthropomorphism(Schiesari,2012:7).On the other hand,the absolute negation of anthropomorphism constructs an intellectual and emotional fence between humans and animals,implicitly degradinganimals to the things or possessions that can be bought,sold,or used.“Strong”anthropomorphism,also called“self-reflective”anthropomorphism,is justified becauseit points both the similarities and the differences between humans and animals,showingan intersubjectivity that does not deny the radical uniqueness of each species(Schiesari,2012:9).Both the“trivial”anthropomorphism and“strong”anthropomorphism areembodied in The Friend.

Chapter Three The Ethical Choices of the Main Characters in The Friend...........37

3.1 The Ethical Choices of the White Male Professor........................38

3.1.1 Uncontrollable Animal Factor:Indulgence of Desire......................38

3.1.2 Manifestation of Irrational Will:Suicidal Behavior.....................43

Chapter Four The Ethical Value of the Ethical Choices in The Friend....................62

4.1 New Ideas of Deconstructing the Binary Gender Opposition.....................63

4.1.1 Arousing Male Empathy with Emotional Power.............................63

4.1.2 Unsolicited Help from Men.............................65

Conclusion.............................78

Chapter Four The Ethical Value of the Ethical Choicesin The Friend

4.1 New Ideas of Deconstructing the Binary GenderOpposition

The binary relationship between men and women is one of the important themes ofWestern literature.However,there is a tendency for the dichotomy between men andwomen to gradually dissolve.

Take Doris Lessing as an example,who is always referred as feminist by earlycritics,in her work The Grass is Singing,she holds that men and women are opposites,and men are the source of women’s pain and tragedy,the culprit of repressions thatdestroyed women.Later,Lessing’s views have changed a lot.She once wrote in theintroduction of The Golden Notebook,men and women have also reflected each other,been aspects of each other,given birth to each other’s thoughts and behavior—are eachother,form wholes(Lessing,1971).The Golden Notebook was more to show that onlyby achieving the ultimate integration between men and women,learning from eachother’s strengths,can they achieve their true perfection.In her late work The Diaries ofJane Somers,the relationship between men and women is no longer opposed to eachother.Instead,they rely on each other,learn from each other and live in harmony.Thisis what Lessing deeply felt and ultimately desired in her later life.

In The Friend,like Lessing,Nunez was also seeking a new way to blur the linesbetween men and women,to unite women and men,and thus to break the boundary ofgender and the opposition betwee本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。