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a short note is needed: In the Northern and Southern Dynasties when the State of Chen (A.D. 557－589) was facing its demise, Xu Deyan, husband of the princess, broke a bronze mirror into halves. Each of them kept a half as tokens in case they were separated. Soon afterwards, they did lose touch with each other, but the two halves of the mirror enabled them to be reunited. In this way, the idiom’s deeper meaning can be known expressively. 3.2.3 Literal translation with additional remarks This kind of method is different from the above one. In some way, the images and cultural meanings of idioms can be directly transferred into English during translation. Additional remarks usually embodies in phases, one or two short sentences. (7) 目不识丁－one does not recognize 丁, one of the simplest character in Chinese Some people consider that the character “丁” should be translated into “ABC”. However, “丁” reflects the unique Chinese character culture. If it is translated into “ABC”, the exact meaning of “丁” and the culture behind it cannot be reconstructed explicitly in English. On the other hand, for the sake of making English readers understand and know more about Chinese characters, a brief illustration is needed here. The character丁 is a very simple one for the Chinese. By explaining in this way, the reader can get the connotation while perceiving the image of Chinese character. (8) 泥菩萨过河－the clay idol fording the river “泥菩萨过河”it is a special Chinese idiom. Translators can firstly translate it directly into “the clay idol fording the river”. Such a translation preserves the vivid feature of the idiom. And secondly, translators should pulse an additional remark to explain the exact meaning of the idiom, i.e., “it is more than one can do to save himself from disaster.” In this way, the features of Chinese culture can be retained in translation and English readers also can appreciate the whole idiom better. (9) 临时抱佛脚－to embrace Buddha’s feet in one’s hour of need—to seek help at the last moment In western countries, many people believe in Christ. Therefore, they cannot easily understand what “临时抱佛脚” really means if it is translated into “to embrace Buddha’s feet in one’s hour of need”. Perhaps they would be confused about what “Buddha’s feet” is. So a short explanation is necessarily added after it, that is, “to seek help at the last moment”. By illustrating in this way, they can understand the idiom more exactly. 3.2.4 Literal translation pulsing free translation Sometimes, in order to express more exactly and effectively about Chinese idioms, translators may choose free translation as a secondary tool to transfer the connotations of Chinese idioms more completely. Of course, translators should use literal translation first to preserve the image and expressions of the idioms and then take free translation into account to reproduce the cultural connotations of Chinese idioms more completely. Examples are as follows: (10) 风餐露宿－braving the wind and dew Here “风”and“露” can be translated directly into “wind” and “dew”, but“餐” and“宿” here cannot be translated straight into English counterparts “have a meal” and “stay overnight. Therefore, translators have to translate“餐” and“宿” into “braving”. Such a translation not only preserves the original features but also make the connotations accepted completely. (11) 戴着斗笠亲嘴,差着一帽子－it’s like kissing in straw helmets—the lips are far apart! We can see from the example that the former p