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ntial organization. Tannen gave his article entitled Silence as conflict managementMehan made a research on Oracular reasoning in a psychiatric exam. O' Donnellstudied how labor and management's conflict talk happen from the perspective ofdifference and dominance. S. Philip gave his attention to the conflict talk happening inAmerican trial-court from the eye of the judge as a third party. J. Conley and W. O'Borrhad a research on rules versus relationship in small claims disputes. (Zhao Yingling,2004).Furthermore, many foreign scholars made some detailed and further studies ofconflict talk. Barki and Hartwick (2004) gave the three characteristics of conflict talk:disagreement or exclusiveness, negative emotion and interference. According to RanYongping, the foreign researchers think there are two sides of conflict talk, that is, thepositive side and the negative side. Some scholars think the origin of conflict talk isfrom lack of social skills or the occurrence of communication failure. Such as, Briggs(1996) holds that conflict talk is a disorderly discourse. According to Brown &Levinson (1987)，they think disagreement or opposing is essentially a face-threateningact, especially threaten people's positive face. Goffman (1967) also thinks conflict talkThe interactional approach was first proposed by sociologist Erving Goffman andanthropologist Hohn J. Gumperz. It is a research method which based on linguistics,sociology and anthropology. Just as the ethnomethodological approach，the interactionalapproach is also about the method concerning about the organization of the discourse.The most important theory of this approach is the face system. Erving Goffinan (1967)first proposed the definition of face, that is，“something that is diffusely located in theflow of events in the encounter and becomes manifest only when these events are readand interpreted for the appraisals expressed in them". Based on Erving Goffinan'sdefinition of face，Brown and Levison (1987) proposed positive face，negative face andface-threatening act. However, the interactional approach is also paid attention to theorganization of the discourse instead of the inner property of the speech act. There stillneed other approaches to get on further study of conflict talk.There are many strategies which are used to analyze conflict talk in pragmatics.These strategies include the speech act, the cooperative principle, critical discourseanalysis, the politeness theory, the relevance theory and the adaptation theory. Thescholar Eder (1990) studied the communication of a group of children who are girlsaging from six to eight. He found the communication strategy is quite important for theadolescents, especially for them to use the strategies to resolve conflict and how to save“face” when meeting insults or assaults. In addition，in Zhu Xiao Qin's paper (2010)，and Wang Minling's paper (2006)，they both used the pragmatic approach to analyzeconflict talk. The advantage of this approach is take communication and situation intoconsideration to analyze the conflict talk. However, there are still disputes on thisapproach because of the researchers' different positions. Therefore, the more desiredapproach needs to be explored to analyze conflict talk.

　　1.3 The Study of Conflict Talk between Couples夫妻之间冲突话语的研究
　　The study of conflict talk between couples in home or at abroad mainly focuses onmarriage, family life，child-rearing and the study of it mainly under th本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。