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sis."
4）a. When they woke up that morning they found that the lake had frozen overnight.
b. "..getting restless. You know, this wage freeze hasn't been very popular."
5） a1. The most common solvent in everyday life is water.
a2. Gasoline is a solvent liquid which removes grease spots .
b1. ".. until my pay cheque arrives before I'm solvent again."
b2. A bankrupt company is not solvent.
6） a. After the police pulled the body from the river, they realized that the victim had died by drowning.
b. The situation was desperate, Harold was drowning in debts and couldn't keep going much longer.
7） a. The rescue workers?next challenge was to restore the flow of clean, fresh water.
b. All of the companies in the group are obliged to disclose cash flow information.
通过对以上句子的对比，学生不仅能够很容易地掌握dry up, afloat, sank, freeze, solvent, drown等表达液体的方方面面的本义（literal meaning），而且也很容易掌握它们表达“金钱” 时的隐喻意义。概念隐喻是学习英语一词多意、扩大英语词汇量的简便而有效的方法。
再看下面的隐喻概念。无论在英语还是汉语中，“愤怒”都是火，"Angry is fire." Those are inflammatory remarks.（inflammatory: adj. 易燃的，易着火的；使激怒的，有煽动性的）
She was doing a slow burn.（burn: vt. 烧，点燃，烧毁；烧焦，烧伤；烫着；激起……的愤怒或欲望等，[俚]使恼怒）
What you said inflamed him.（inflame: v. 燃烧；激怒）
He was breathing fire.
Your insincere apology just added fuel to the fire.
After the argument, Dave was smoldering for days.（smolder: vi. 闷烧，冒烟；郁闷，忿恨，压抑地不满）
That kindled my ire.（kindle: vt. 点燃，使着火；vi. 着火，煽动，激起；ire: n. 忿怒）
Boy, am I burned up!（burned up: v. 烧起来，烧掉；发怒）
He was consumed by his anger.（consume: v. 烧光，烧毁）
从“愤怒是火”这一隐喻概念以及其概念隐喻的语言表达中，我们可以知道：愤怒是火，愤怒可以点燃等。愤怒在英语中的概念，还可以通过概念隐喻系统地学习诸如inflammatory，burn，inflamed，breathing fire，added fuel to the fire，smolder，kindle，ire，burned up等词汇和短语的一词多义，行之有效。
2．2 通过概念隐喻学习英语成语及英语的概念系统和思维方法
英语成语是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的约定俗成的词块或多词结构，其整体意义常常不能根据其构成成分的意义作简单的字面理解。这就给英语成语的学习带来了很大的困难。英语成语属于英语语言的精华，对英语成语的熟练掌握被认为是语言能力的基本标准，但因其数量的繁多和语义的隐晦性，成为外语学习者面临的另一个巨大困难，而认知语言学为英语成语的语义提供了理据和可分析性：英语成语由词块构成，而这些词块的构成取决于概念隐喻。概念隐喻观认为，语言意义基于本体经验，本体经验（如：将我们的身体看做容器）制约着我们的思维，进而制约着我们的语言。
比如：将流体在封闭的容器中活动这一经验赋予愤怒这一概念，也就是说在母语为英语人的概念系统和思维观念中，褹nger is a hot fluid in a container.?"Anger is the heat of a hot fluid in a container" 始发域——盛着流体的容器；目的域——愤怒。身体是愤怒的容器，愤怒是盛在容器中的物质。流体的热量就是愤怒；流体的热度即愤怒的程度，从零到一定量；容器的热度即身体的热度；容器的压力即身体内部的压力；容器承受由热而产生压力的限度，与愤怒所能承受的限度一致；爆发即失去控制；流质冷却就是不生气。
当愤怒的程度增大时，液体上升：
We got a rise out of him. (get a rise out of somebody使某人变得暴躁)
My anger kept building up inside me.
Pretty soon I was in a towering rage.
强烈的愤怒产生蒸汽：
She got all steamed up. (steam up: v. 使发怒，愤怒；使有蒸汽)
Bill is just blowing off steam. (blow off steam: v. 放出多余的蒸汽；发脾气)
愤怒的程度增加，容器的压力也增大：
He was bursting with anger.
I could barely contain my rage.
对压力的控制代表对愤怒的控制：
I suppressed my anger.
He turned his anger inward.
He managed to keep his anger bottled up inside him.
当愤怒的程度过大时，人就爆炸了：
When I told him, he just exploded.
She blew up at me. (blow up: v. 使充气，爆炸)
She erupted.
That really set me off. (set off: v. 使爆炸，使爆发)
在英语中，当一个人爆炸的时候，他身体的一部分也被炸到空中；在汉语中不存在这种现象。所以，没有概念隐喻的知识，下面这些斜体部分表达愤怒的成语就很难为学生们所理解和记忆：
I blew my top. (blow one's top: v. 发脾气，大发雷霆)
He raised the roof when he found he had been cheated. 他发觉受骗而勃然大怒。
He hit the ceiling. (hit the ceiling / hit the roof—become suddenly very angry [美口]勃然大怒，暴跳如雷)
I went through the roof. (go through the roof:[口]怒气冲天)
She went through the roof when I told her I'm crashed her car. 我告诉她我把她的汽车撞坏了，她气得大发雷霆。
He rais