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Metonymy is traditionally regarded as a figure of speech different from metaphor. But in cognitive approach, it has been included in the category of metaphor. Emotion almost always have an “outward” aspect as well, most obviously, their “expression” in behavior. The typical reactions to emotions help express concepts of emotions in a metonymic fashion. No wonder there often exists a system of metonymic expressions in the language, which strictly follows the general metonymic principle that physiological effects of an emotion stands for the emotion. Here, the emotion of love has its distinctive outward behavioral reaction---相思in Chinese. Chinese are deeply affected by Confucianism and feudalism. We use to express“love” more implicatively from the ancient times. In Chinese“相思”originally means“to miss each other”(彼此相互想念).Sometimes we use this word to indicate“love”instead of saying the word“爱”defectively. The phrases“相思病”,“相思泪”and“相思苦”are really familiar to us. We have the saying“一日不见如隔三秋”to express the feeling of missing between lovers.

Chapter 4 Similarities and Differences between English and Chinese Conceptual Metaphor of “love” and “lover” from a Cultural perspective

4.1 Universality in English and Chinese love Metaphor

As we know metaphor is a means of conceptualizing human beings bodily experience, understanding the world, though which we comprehend abstract concepts and perform abstract reasoning. Love is an universal phenomena and any psychologically and physically sound person would experience such amazing ,crazy or maybe frustrating，heart-broken feeling, since love is so pervasive and universal that we can easily gather the metaphors for love in English and Chinese, because both peoples try to reveal this hidden and abstract thing in terms of another concrete one, based on the similar bodily experience and physical reaction toward love we find that in these two languages there exist a lot of similar metaphors for love. Now lets take a look at these examples.

4.1.1 Love Is War

In English we have: He is known for his many rapid conquests. He is slowly gaining ground with her. He made an ally of her mother. She fought for him, but his mistress won out. He enlisted the aid of her friend. He won her hand in marriage. She is besieged by suitors. Better put on my war paint.
In Chinese we have:她一定会成为我的俘虏.(She will definitely become my captive.)所有的情敌都败在他的手下.(All the other opponents were beaten by him.)她那么漂亮，你今后能立得些吗?(She is so pretty, Can you defend her later on?)你俘虏了我，我的心.(You have already conquered me and conquered my heart as well.)这个世界上没有他攻不下的堡垒.(There is no castle which he cant capture.)你永远也不可能赢得她的心.(You can never win her heart.)你已经攻到了她最后的防线(You have already attacked to his last defense line.)
In this LOVE IS WAR metaphor: the target domain is "love", the source domain is "war”. The ontological correspondences between LOVE and WAR are as follows:
a. The person who pursues the beloved corresponds to the attackers in a war.
b. The beloved in a love corresponds to the stronghold or captive in a war.
The opponents in a love correspond to the enemy who also has the same goal in a war.
d. The influence of the beloveds parents and friends corresponds to the help from the outer factors which play important role in a war.
e. The relationship between the love and the beloved co本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。