英语科技新词发展的研究 [3]
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论文字数:5027论文编号:org201405251735205970语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:英语科技新词Science English Neologism科技英语English languageCommon English Vocabularies
摘要:English neologism change with society development, and learners must study science English neologism to catch up with the times and the development of science in order to improve their English abilities. English learners will have a better understanding of other countries’ cultures by the research.
The trend of using less formal words and making them simplified in communication is growing. People often see the common English vocabularies and they can accept them easily. Scientists want to make the created neologism easy to be remembered, so they usually use the common English vocabulary. When people see this word, they can imagine this object. Common English vocabularies are active and universal. No matter how many common English vocabularies scientists borrow, they are endless. At the same time, science, in which the minority research, changes from complicate subject to the object which serve the majority. People can accept them unconsciously and easily. Some science English neologisms come from common English vocabularies and they are endowed with new meanings. For example, the original meaning of “salt” is edible salt and now it means inorganic and organic salts.
3.2 Other Languages
With the rapid development of science and technology, people from different nations understand the culture, tradition and language through computer, newspaper, radio and TV show. Scientists communicate with other foreigners by his native language or the other’s language. Unconsciously, they learn another language and use the language to define the scientific neologism. People use the live language rather than dead language to provide more active imagination and association, so that people can make it convenient to remember the language. Also people will pay more attention to other languages to know better the tradition and word usage. Different countries command different fields and scientists always name the object with native language. Once this object is famous and powerful, people will follow the name of neologism and use it all the time. When one nation communicates with other nations, they learn and absorb continuously the useful language of other nations to enrich the native language. It is the common phenomenon of language development. With English popularization and global integration, different politics, economics, cultures, natural scenes, nations and life habits contribute to the inflow of foreign languages into English words. These foreign languages integrate into English vocabularies in the form of transliteration and paraphrase, for example, Chinese: jiaozi(饺子),fengshui(风水);Japanese: judo(柔道),karaoke(卡拉OK); German: chauvinism(沙文主义);Russian: sputnik(人造卫星).
3.3 Latin and Greek Morphemes
From the view of form, there are a few loanwords in the modern English. But observing and researching from the point of
history, we can find out that the original English is less than half of the whole English vocabularies. The remaining vocabularies in the modern English vocabularies come from other languages. According to the statistic of Oscar E.Nybaken, among ten thousand the most common English vocabularies, about 46% directly and indirectly come from Latin, 7.2% come from Greek. The higher proportion is in the science English neologism. More than 66% medicine English vocabularies come from Latin, Greek(赵晓临,2002(2):44-45).The more professional science English neologism is, the higher proportion the Greek and Latin morphemes account for. It can be said that Latin and Greek morphemes are the main foundations of science English neologism.
There are history reasons why Latin and Greek morphemes have great influence and effect on science English neologism. In histor
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