从迷茫的玛尔特的悲剧看女性存在的社会价值 [3]
论文作者:佚名论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-04编辑:黄丽樱点击率:10950
论文字数:5170论文编号:org200904040917336365语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:Tragedyfemale valueself-awarenessexistencepatriarchy悲剧性女性价值自我意识存在父权
s. In 1804, the French Civil Code declared in the 213 item: “A husband should protect his wife, and his wife should obey her husband”, and in the 225 item “A woman must submit her husband and church.” Even Mathilde’s mother completely complied with those regulations. As it says in the novel, her rules were to admire whatever entertains her husband.
B. Mathlide’s Value of Existence
Mathilde’s tragedy doesn’t come from her lost love from Julien .In fact, her sadness is that she wishes to have Julien’s love to certify her social value. However, her arrogant thoughts and obscure women’s self-awareness make Julien unable to love her. Although both Julien and Mathilde wish to live in Napoleon’s time, the key problem is even in Napoleon’s time, women’s social values were still controlled by Patriarchy. In chapter 11 at the beginning the author quotes a sentence by Merimee: “I admire her beauty, but I live in fear of her mind.”(Si Tangda, 2002, 773). That illustrates Julien’s feeling for Mathilde. As a priest in the 19th century, however, Julien really believed in Napoleon, Voltaire and Thousseau for their free ideology. But either the church or people with that ideology had a common sense like this—female was not admitted to equal with men in their status and thoughts.
C. The Conflict Between Julien’s Traditional Values and Mathlide’s Contradictory Women’s Awareness.
Rousseau says in his novel Emile: “Both men and women exist for each other, but their inter-dependence is different. If there are no women, men still exist. But if there are no men, women’s existence will become a problem. Women rely on men’s feelings and their awards”. (Si Tangda, 2002, 74)
That is Rousseau’s standards about women, which is men’s too. Julien has a very strong pride, but it cannot say he also has the same strong personality. On the contrary, he is weaker than Mathilde. When Mathilde’s self-awareness appears, he becomes scared. He needs all energies to keep himself from sinking into despair when he faces to Mathlide. That is very difficult to him. His ideal woman should be Mrs. De Renal who submits men’s power. But it is a pity that Mathilde is not this kind of women, she is a contradictory lady. On the one hand, she longs for owning her self-awareness and independence because of the affects of French Revolution. On the other hand, she whishes she would be under control of Julien. In chapter 9, after having a wonderful night with Julien, she is at her window saying to Julien when Julien leaves: “This is what your servants send you, it’s the sign of eternal obedience. I reoccur these of my reason, be my master.”(Si Tangda, 2002, 665) While in chapter 20: The Japanese vase, this contradictory lady’s thinking is very different,
Mathide’s heart is awash with gloating pride, so she has been able to break it off irrevocably forever! Triumphing so totally over such a power attractive would make her perfectly happy. As things are, this little gentleman will understand once and for all that he doesn’t have ever had any hold over me.”(Si Tangda, 2002, 912).
That is Mathild’s contradiction, and the most sadness of her is she could not find out a right way to certify her social value of existence. Opposite to it, she hopes to choice a stronger patriarchy to control her. “I’ve got myself a master!” said Mathilde to herself, “He has a tremendous hold over me, since he reigns through terror and can inflict a dreadful punishment on me if I push him too far!”(Si Tangda
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