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reader, the source or target language of thetext. Up to nineteenth century, literal translation represented a philological academicexercise from which the cultural reformers were trying to rescue literature. In thenineteen century, a more scientific approach was brought to bear on translation,suggesting that certain types of texts must be accurately translated, whilst others shouldand could not be translated at all. Since the rise of modern linguistics, the generalemphasis, supported by communication-theorists as well as by non-literary translators,has been placed on the reader on reforming the reader effectively and appropriately,notably in Nida, Firth, Koller and the Leiozig School (Newmark, 2001). Newmarkadmitted that the gap between emphasis on source and target language will alwaysoverride problems in translation theory and practice. Then in 1981, he proposed a newtranslation method of Semantic and Communicative Translation in his book Approachesto Translation. The concept of Semantic and Communicative Translation stirred a greatinfluence on the translation study around the world. The theory still has its great value intheory and practice up to now.
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Chapter 2 Previous Studies on the Translated Version of The Thorn Birds

2.1 ABrief Introduction of the Novel & Its Translated Version
The Thorn Birds was written by Colleen McCullough who is an internationallyacclaimed Australian author. The beautiful scenery and alien customs of Australiandescribed in the novel are valuable. She was born in Wellington, and later her wholefamily moved to Sydney. In fact, Colleen McCullough achieved great successes in theneurology of area while she had never given up her passion in the literature. She wroteher first long novel Tim in 1972. Then she finished and published the brilliant novel TheThorn Birds, which became the best seller in America. Someone compared this book tothe classical novel—Gone with the Wind. The story covers three generations from 1915to 1969, including many cultural aspects like romantic love, fate, death, religion, themeaning of life and so on. In 1983 it was adapted into a TV mini-series which became theUnited States second highest rated one of all time. Up to now, The Thorn Birds has beentranslated into more than 20 languages in the world since its publication.Colleen McCullough is a versatile writer. Apart from novels, she also writesbiography, prose and essay, even melodrama. As for the novel itself, she does not restrainherself to the fixed type and her writing fields do not only include the saga novel TheThorn Birds, but also the historical novel The First Men in Rome and the romantic novelthe Ladies of Missalonghi and so on. Her great achievements in the writing field benefitfrom her exploring spirit and experiences. She is never satisfied with the existing fieldand tries to explore the new literature style. At the same time, she maintains the attitudeseriously and studies every target deeply.
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2.2 Previous Studies on Translated Version
As the first translated version of The Thorn Birds, Xiao Ming and Chen Mingjin’stranslation did not attract Chinese readers. Two research papers on this version werediscussed in the article. One was written by Chen Zhengfa in 1993. The other was writtenby Fu Zhaogui in 1999. Both articles pointed out problems which resulting to the poorquality of the Chinese version (published by L本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。