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On a local note, a search on the Malaysian Thesis Online database returned no results when using the keywords 'Malaysian animation' and 'animasi Malaysia'. The keyword 'animation' did produce results. However, all 11 of the results were specifically were technical research on computer animation rather than its contents. When the keyword 'animasi' was used as the search term, it produced only one relevant result (out of 21) in the work of Belli Nasution (1998) who studied children's perception on violence in Walt Disney cartoons. The rest were either from the field of computer animation or education. The only other finding on the database is the work of Mohd Amir (2005) (using the keyword 'anime') who studied Japanese cultural values in Naruto and Dragonball GT.

Outside of the online database, the only work the researcher managed to find was the paper presented by Hassan Abdul Mutalib (2003) for the International Anime and Manga Forum in Tokyo, Japan. Hassan studied the influence of anime towards Malaysian animation filmmakers. Based on his findings, Hassan explained the appeal of anime, how anime has broken the domination of American cartoons and how anime has inspired Malaysian animation filmmakers towards finding their roots in producing animation.

Characterizing Malaysian animation will require an understanding of what generally makes a product 'Malaysian'. Rajeswary (2008) studied the construction of Bangsa Malaysia through reviewing types of vernacular newspaper articles to rationalize the kinds of issues Malaysians liked to read about. This supposedly should lead to understanding the characteristics of Malaysians through the issues they deem important.

As of now, there are not many empirical studies on any aspects of local animation and its content. In order to achieve the first objective of this study, it is necessary to analyze the contents of Malaysian animation and create a set of categories which defines its characteristics.

Reception

The roots of reception theory and audience analysis can be found in literary studies. Studies on audience reception can be traced back to the work of Hans Robert Jauss, a German literary scholar, in the late 1960s (his work was translated from German by Timothy Bahti in 1982 and a separate piece translated by Michael Shaw, also in 1982) where he looked into the literature of text. Jauss (1982:141) identified that an audience is not passive in accepting textual messages but rather understand and interprets its contents and aesthetics based on the audience's cultural background and experience.

Wolfgang Iser (1978), a comrade of Jauss, further explored the reception aesthetics by looking into reader-response towards literary text. Iser suggested that there is a connection between the reader and the text and author where the reader understands and interprets text based on the context of the situation, the reader's background and also experience. Hence, terms and phrases such as 'If you pay peanuts, you get monkeys' will affect people from different cultural backgrounds differently. The metaphor can be well understood and interpreted by readers with the cultural knowledge and experience of its origins. However, readers with no relevant knowledge may tak本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。