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一．在句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
Whether he will come here or not is unimportant to me. （主语从句）
That I was late for class made my teacher very angry. （主语从句）
What he said sounded reasonable. （主语从句）
What moved me most was that my students were admitted to the universities. （主语从句）
The challenges in our life shape what we are today. （宾语从句）
They’re talking about what measures should be taken to prevent this. （介词后的宾语从句）
I’m not sure when they’ll come back. （形容词后的宾语从句）
This is where we disagree. （表语从句）
The news that he got killed in the race surprised us all. （同位语从句）
二．如何判断为名词性从句
1．充当主语的从句为主语从句。
2．用于及物动词或介词或某些形容词如：afraid, glad, sure, pleased等后为宾语从句。
3．用于系动词后为表语从句。系动词有：①be动词；②意为“…起来”的动词，如look, sound, taste, smell…等；③意为“变成”“成为”的动词，如：turn, become, get, go…等；④半系词，如fall, seem, appear, prove, come, keep, stay, remain…等。
4．用于某些抽象名词后，解释并补充前面名词的内容的从句，被叫做同位语从句。同位语从句通常用that引导。但当抽象名词为question, problem时，要用疑问词引导。这些抽象名词为news, word(消息)，truth, fact, information, story, thought, wish, hope, desire, idea, order, suggestion, advice, proposal, promise, word(诺言)，theory, opinion, viewpoint, conclusion, question, problem…
三. 高考常考考点
1．名词性从句中，若缺少主语或宾语或表语，则用what.
   What really interested Mary was dancing. (作主语)
   This is what we should learn from Comrade Lei Feng. （作宾语）
   Our school is no longer what it used to be. （作表语）
2. 名词性从句中，若不缺成分，不缺意义，则用that. that引导主语、表语、同位语从句时，虽不作成分，无意义，但不可省略。
   That he came here made me very happy.
   I believe（that）he is a determined person.
   My suggestion is that he should be sent to hospital.
   He expressed his thought that he doesn’t agree to the project.
3. that 引导宾语从句时，第一个that 可以省，但从第二个that 开始不能省.
  He said (that) the exhibition was excellent and that he wanted to visit it once more.
  他说展览非常好看，他还想再看一次。
4. if 与whether  的不同（当“是否”讲时）
  ①Whether可引导主语，表语，同位语从句，但是if 不能。
②引导宾语从句时以下情况只用whether:
  (1) 引导介词后面的宾语从句 （2）与不定式连用  （3）与or not 紧密连用
5. 通常情况下，介词后的宾语从句不用that 引导，但
in that = because “因为”；
except that +句子= except for +n. 都表示对前面的整体做相反的部分的补充或修正。
6. 所有的从句都使用陈述语序。
Could you tell me what’s the matter with him?
7. whoever, whatever, whichever 引导名词性从句。
whoever=anyone who定语从句；whatever=anything that定语从句;
whichever “任何一个”
You must never give your child whatever he or she wants.
Whoever leaves the classroom last should turn off the lights.
Whichever team will win the game on Saturday can get through to the national championship.
8. 区分whoever与who引导的名词性从句   
Whoever breaks the law should be punished. (指人)
Who breaks the law is unknown. (指事)
9. 当it出现充当形式主语或形式宾语时，后常用to do不定式或that从句来充当真主语或真宾语。但
①It is useless/no use/no good doing sth.  做……是没有用的/没有意义的。
②I would appreciate it if you……如果你……我会非常感激的。
③I hate/dislike/like/love it when……我讨厌/喜欢……的那个时候。如：
I hate it when people speak with their mouth full.
④I can’t help it if条件状语从句   如果……我也没办法。
10. 无论几个疑问词引导一个从句或与一个不定式连用作主语，用单数谓语动词。如：
 When and where we’ll go out for a picnic hasn’t been decided.
 When and how to go to Beijing is unknown.
11. 当Ving或to do及短语或从句作主语时用单数谓语动词。
12.疑问词+插入语+其它陈述语序
插入语通常为：do you think/believe/suppose/guess/suggest……   如：
Who do you guess is to blame? 你猜测谁应受责备？
What do you suppose has happened to Mary? 你认为玛丽发生什么事啦？
13. who与 whom
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