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With the proposal of“a community with a shared future for mankind”,theconcept of“community”has become more popular with the public.In addition,withthe development of the economy,the ecological conditions on Earth have beendestroyed to a certain extent,so“a community of all life on Earth”has been generallyvalued(Zhou,2022).In recent years,the international community has paid greatattention to ecological issues such as climate change and biodiversity loss.Forexample,in 2021,the fifteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the UnitedNations Convention on Biological Diversity was held to protect global biodiversityand safeguard the environment on which human beings depend.Besides,the UnitedNations Climate Change Conference,which calls on countries to formulate emissionreduction plans to mitigate climate change,is held annually.These internationalecological problems are closely related to every country and become the focus ofMedia coverage in various countries.

Projection,in general,is a kind of linguistic phenomenon that relays words,thoughts and facts.Direct speech and indirect speech in literary studies are examplesof projection.Nevertheless,systemic functional linguists have done more than this.Halliday(1994)explored the function and semantic meaning of projection and,from astructural point of view,categorized projection into three modes:parataxis,hypotaxisand embedding.Subsequently,researchers studied projection from a variety of aspects,but few of them examined projection from a cognitive perspective.

1.2 Objectives of the Study

In the domain of news discourse,projection occurs frequently.News is,in nature,objective,but it is also subjective.In the news,reporters often quote some people’swords to show the authenticity and objectivity of the reports.In fact,these words andthe way in which these words are expressed are designed to lead readers to generatethe reporters’preset thoughts and opinions.To understand this operation,it isnecessary to study in depth the cognitive mechanism of projection in news discourse.In light of this,the present study constructs the ecological news discourse corpus ofChina and the United States in order to uncover the cognitive mechanisms of variousprojections from the perspective of conceptual integration and to compare theutilization of projections in Chinese and American media.The core of the presentstudy is to reveal significant function of language in fostering harmonious coexistencebetween humans and other living beings(Stibbe,2021).In addition,this study furtherreveals the impact of society and social cognition on the employment of projections.

Chapter Two Literature Review

2.1 Projection Theory

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Projection is a common linguistic phenomenon that has received a great deal ofattention from researchers.The definition and classifications of it are introduced in thispart.

2.1.1 Definition of Projection

Many scholars have put forward their opinions on projection,among whichHalliday’s research is the most influential.Halliday(1994)pointed out two kinds offunctional-semantic relationships between clauses:one is the interd本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。