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it, they, he等;指示代词,如this, that, these, those;关系代词,如which, that, who,whom等;以及名词,the method, the technique, the processes等。不会识别这些代词的功能就会影响阅读理解。例如:When they are dissolved inwater, some kinds of molecules do,and some do not, remain intact. Those that do not remain intact break up into ions.该句中They=molecules;Some=Some kinds of molecules;Those=Some kinds of molecules。
搞清以上这三个代词的指代关系,该句子意思也就清楚了。该句的意思是,当某些分子放到水中溶解时,有些分子保持不变;而那些己溶于水的分子分解为离子。
2.4抓住关联词语
关联词语是一个词或一个短语。它的功能是在句子之间起连结作用。如果阅读时不注意它们的用法,就会影响你的理解力。如果阅读时抓住关联词,就能很好地帮你理解句义。
最常用的关联词有:
1)表追加意义:also, besides, apart from, in addition to,moreover, furthermore
2)表因果关系:accordingly, hence, due to, as a result, so,therefore, thus, as a consequence, consequently, so that, with the result, because of, owing to, in view of, on account of, etc.
3)表条件关系:if, when, unless, provided
4)表对比关系:but, though, although, still, yet, despite,even though, in contrast
5)表比较关系:like, unlike, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, similarly
6)表可能关系:possibly, probably, perhaps
7)表强调关系:above all, really, in effect, particularly, es-pecially, in particular
8)表次序关系:in the beginning, first, later, then, next,later on, eventually, ultimately, after a short time, etc.
9)表例举关系:for example, that is, namely, such as

 

3.0如何理解段落
有时在阅读中虽然看懂了句子,但仍然无法很好地理解全文。其原因主要在于我们不熟悉文章的结构。如果我们了解了科技文章的构成规律、中心思想的表达方式以及阅读技巧,就能大大提高理解水平。阅读文章时,主要抓住找出主题、找出中心思想、找出主要支持性细节和找出次要支持性细节几点。
3.1找出主题
什么是主题?主题就是段落要讲的东西。主题必须准确,但也不能太具体,太笼统。例如:Animals produce a wide variety of sounds. Birds whistle, por-poises click, wolves howl, and gorillas produce a drumlike sound as they beat their chests. The list is almost endless.“Animals’Sounds”是该段的主题。该主题准确,说明了
本段所讲的是动物能够发声,并举出许多例子加以说明。
3.2找到中心思想
找到主题后,接下来就应找出段落的中心思想。它可能是一个定义,一种分类方法,一个目的,或是一种对主题的说明。通常我们可以在主题句里找到中心思想。主题句往往出现在段首、段尾或段中。如果段落里没有现成的主题句,我们必须通过段落中的具体细节,概括出它的中心思想。例如:Latex is collected fromthe trees bytapping. Workers cut a nar-row slanting groove about halfway around the trunk. It is just deep enough to pierce the living layers of ce本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。