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main reason above these differences. Firstly, girls and boys grow up in identical surroundings and yet be nurtured in totally different social-emotional climates. In a study of interaction between infants and their mothers and sons, mother vocalized more in response to their mothers than the mother-infant son pairs. Secondly, division of play according to gender can provide different verbal environments. Boys may be encouraged to play outside and so are not in as close proximity to their mother. As a result, they may not be exposed to as much adult’s speech and may get less practice using adult patterns of speech. Thirdly, the toys girls and boys often play can also create different climates. The life of girls often includes toys and objects that encourage verbalization rather than action. Girl play includes a central dependence on dolls and talk in imitation of mother. In echoing the mother, girls are likely to stimulate more conversation from her and engage in considerable conversational interaction with her. Finally, girls can identify more rapidly with the mother than boys can with the father. The mother is often at home more, and so her talk is heard more than the father's. The fact that the attempts of some boys to identify with their fathers are often confusing, disturbing and unsuccessful. Also parental attitudes in general are thought to be more favorable toward girls than boys. 3.2 Physiological causes It is no doubt that a physiological cause is one of the most important. Since males and females tend to have different skeletal structures and different-sized vocal tracts, it is likely that different formant frequency patterns of the resonating cavities would be used as cues in identifying gender. The smaller vocal tract of the average females leads to a pattern of higher formant frequencies than the average males. 3.3 Cultural elaboration A number of gender differences may be due to cultural elaboration of gender. Birdwhistekk concluded that many gender differences in body movement, posture, gesture, facial expression, and the like are cultural learned. Compared to many anima ls, human males and females do not differ greatly in secondary sexual characteristics, whereas the males and females of some animals differ so greatly in physical characteristics that they do not even appear to belong to the same species, human beings of both genders are very much alike. 3.4 Division of labor by gender A fourth explanation is that gender communication differences are related to the division of labor in our society. Our society relegates certain work, activities, and responsibilities to people on the basis of gender. Even with women's recent political and economic progress and the new attitudinal climates encouraged by the women's movement. Over 45 percent of all women, married or single, work, and nearly women head 1 in 4 household. There are, of course, some specialized duties around the house-car repair, outside home maintenance, and carpentry tasks-relegated to males. These specializations according to gender probably carry over into many aspects of communication. Outside the home there is probably more lip service than hand, foot, salary, or hiring service paid to the equal employment opportunity ideals of the nation, for there is still a good deal of gender typecasting in jobs. On the other hand, there are few males in secretarial world, nursing, elementary school teaching and food service. A number of communication differ