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herefore,a lot of preparations were made by the translator so as to improvethe translation efficiency and faithfulness.Overall,the preparation work can bedivided into the following three parts.

First of all,the translator read the whole article to know its structure and get ageneral understanding about what is is mainly talking about.Theories of CriminalLaw belongs to legal text,and has its own writing style.Therefore,the translatorconsulted a large number of materials to understand the unique features of legal text,making sure the translation can delivery the same experience to the readers as thesource text to the source readers.

Secondly,the translator looked up the legal parallel texts,and the comparisonbetween Chinese and English legal terms on the Internet to understand theircorresponding expression.Before translation,the translator also asked for somesuggestions from the supervisor and classmates to explore and mark the translationdifficulties in the original text.

Finally,since there existed many unknown legal expressions and terms in thearticle,the translator applied some translation tools such as Oxford Dictionary andYoudao Dictionary as well as some search engines such as Baidu and Google forinformation collection,all of which is designed to express the original text in anobjective way,and make the meanings clearer to the target readers.

2.2 Translation Process

During the translation,it should be emphasized on conveying the content of theoriginal text faithfully and concisely on account of the characteristics of legal texts.The whole translation can be mainly divided into two periods.

In the first period,the translator made a schedule by translating about 300 wordsevery day.According to the translation plan,the first version was finished in aboutone month.During this period,the translator read through and get the main idea ofeach paragraph,and then translated them into Chinese according to the context,involving with the adjustment of the word order.Although some preparation beforetranslation had been made,the translator was still faced with many problems.Forthese uncertain words or sentences,the translator firstly searched for the relevantdictionaries,and then shared the translation with the supervisor and classmates to seekfor advice from them.If the difficulties still can not be solved properly,the translatormarked them during the first period.

After the first version was done,the second translation began within a few days.During the second period,the translator read the original text carefully again,and atthe same time,some modifications were made to make the version more accurate and fluent.With respect to those marked parts during the first translation process,thetranslator applied some translation methods such as free translation,and tried his bestto make it more readable to the target readers.The second period lasted about half amonth,followed by the revision.

3 Case Analysis ............................... 8

3.1 Theoretical Framework ............................ 8

3.1.1 Introduction to Skopos Theory ............................ 8

3.1.2 Principles of Skopos Theory .............................. 9

4 Conclusion ............................. 29

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