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he ship pays for each passenger landing in Panama, in order to encourage the use the Panama flag of convenience. [10] A

good recommendation would be to adopt an internationally binding comprehensive policy and standards related to taxes, minimal fees, address key areas of staff and passenger safety, and the ships' environmental responsibilities. Only then can we have a more sustainable, controlled development and operations of cruise lines where rules are adhered to rather than avoided.

结论-Conclusion

There is no question that cruise ships bring money to local businesses and to the operators. However, ensuring the sustainable development of a cruise destination and the environment comes with very high cost which the cruise lines must be a part of. The major players in this highly consolidated cruise industry have to take a more proactive and self- policing measures to ensure a sustainable future for cruise tourism while preserving cruise destinations and cruise waterways. This essay discussed some of the key pros and cons of cruising and offered some recommendations for improvement towards a more balanced, sustainable growth.

The onus as well needs to be on the port communities, as on one hand, there is a portion of the decision makers that pressure for more cruise tourism, but there is frequently no policy at the local government level to control the impacts of such activity. The cruise industry will not be going away anytime soon, so it is more important to improve the situation that is not balanced or sustainable. Ports need the cruise ships as much as the cruise ships need the ports, the waterways need to be maintained in a more sustainable way, the cruise workers need fair employment standards and the local population needs to have a voice in the local planning for the impacts of tourism. With the continued growth of the cruise industry now is the time to create new set of international policies and rules that are binding for all participants. This paper tried to inform on some of the pros and cons and challenges facing this industry and to provide recommendations towards change in key areas of impact. More research needs to be done, more data needs to be collected, and more engagement from all involved parties is needed. There is much to do.
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