英语论文网

definitions of listening. Just as Rost (2005) mentions inhis research, when we are defining listening, we tend to focus on those aspects of itthat are most consistent with our way of looking at the world.According to Johnson (1951)，listening is “the ability to understand and respondeffectively to spoken language”. Underwood (1989) defines listening as “the activityof paying attention to and trying to get meaning from something we hear". Rost (2005)puts forward four orientations: receptive, constructive, collaborative andtransformative. In the orientation of receptive, listening is receiving what the speakeractually says; in the constructive, listening is constructing and representing meaning;in the collaborative, listening is negotiating meaning with the speaker and responding;and in the transformative, listening is creating meaning through involvement，imagination and empathy. Purdy (1997) defines listening as “the active and dynamicprocess of attending, perceiving, interpreting, remembering, and responding to otherpeople's verbal and nonverbal expressions, needs, concerns and information."
……………

2.2 Listening textbooks

2.2.1 Definition of textbooks
Researchers in China have investigated the definition of teaching materials. Jin(2002) points out that teaching materials refer to a system of knowledge and skillscompiled and organized with a certain range and depth based on the tasks of a subject.He also considers that teaching materials refer to anything that can be used byteachers to teach students.Cheng and Sun (2011) suggest that in a broad sense, teaching materials refer to allthe instructional materials that can be used by learners and teachers inside and outsidethe classroom, including textbooks, workbooks, teachers' books, handbooks forself-learning, videos, cassettes, CD-ROMs, photocopied materials, and other authenticmaterials，such as newspapers, magazines, radios，TV, photos, Internet resources andso forth. In a narrow sense，teaching materials can be defined as textbooks.Based on the definition mentioned above, we can infer that listening teachingmaterials refer to anything that is specially designed to facilitate listening proficiencyfor language learners. In this thesis, students' textbooks are analyzed and evaluated indetails.
……………

Chapter Three Research Methodology.......... 25
3.1 Research questions.......... 25
3.2 Participants.......... 25
3.3 Instruments.......... 26
3.3.1 Textbook Evaluation Questionnaire (TEQ) ..........26
3.3.2 Needs Analysis Questionnaire (NAQ).......... 26
3.3.3 Follow-up interview.......... 27
3.3.4 Two sets of listening textbooks.......... 27
3.4 Procedures.......... 27
Chapter Four Results and Discussion.......... 29
4.1 Results from the internal textbook evaluation ..........29
4.2 Results from the Textbook Evaluation Questionnaires.......... 42
4.3 Results from the Needs Analysis Questionnaires.......... 49
4.3.1 Results from students' target needs ..........49
4.3.2 Results from students' learning .......... 52
4.4 Summary of the findings and discussion.......... 58
Chapter Five Conclusion ..........64
5.1 Major findings of本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。