摘要:随着全球经济和贸易的飞速发展,国际商务谈判活动已显日益重要和频繁。着眼于当下全球经济形势,世界各地的人们也已逐渐意识到了国际商务谈判的重要性。因此在国际商务谈判中,为避免不必要的误会以及使谈判能够顺利进行,谈判者在谈判前了解相应的异国文化知识显得非常有必了。
ing a deep understanding of the causes of these difference, businessmen could overcome some cultural conflicts in business negotiation.
2. The Causes of Cultural Difference
2.1 Religions Traditions
As people’s world view originates in their religions traditions. To some degree, the responsibility of preserving the element of world view has been reflected by religions institutions. Through the teaching of Bible or Koran, people could feel a sense of belonging and find the answers of questions like“where am I from?”Religions traditions help people seek the outside world and explain the world. It’s the religions traditions that provide people of the world with advice, values and guidance. The proverb“A man devoid of religion is like a horse without a bridle” just highlights the significance of religions traditions.
In view of the world’s six main religions, we could draw the conclusion that Chinese and English believe in two totally different religions--- Christianity and Buddhism. Christianity is one of the most influential religions with over a billion people scattered throughout the world, of course, English included. As a religion with thousands years of
history, Christianity has affected its followers profoundly and wildly in many aspects since it was established. As the loyal followers of The Christians, English could be stricter to their principles as a result of being influenced by the regular organized worship in their daily life. Though membership in a church community is important to Christians, most of them maintain the notion that “Christianity discovered the individual.”, which partially led to the English’s present individualism. Richard E.Poter in his Communication Between Cultures says:“While these are countless reasons for every cultural trait, we are now offering the connection that one of the reasons lies in Christianity –a religion that stress language.”The teaching of Bible has made English a low-context culture.
However, Chinese are somewhat different in terms of the above aspects. One of Buddhism’s essence is to find enlightenment within oneself, that is to say, people only can understand the puzzling problems gradually through the a great effort to make them clear by themselves. What’s more, in Buddhism people see a world view more concerned with humanism, all of these made China a high-context nation.
2.2 Languages
There is a saying in linguist and language course:“Language shapes the culture”, which emphasized the importance of language for the culture shaping of a nation. In other words, it is language and some other elements that made up the culture. Language is a powerful tool to make sure the across cultural communication go smoothly in international business negotiation.
The subjects of an English sentence suggest English regard people as the center of this world; more than 90 kinds of verb forms mean what people doing are interesting and important. In all, English is a language of action. Like most Indo-European languages, English reflects a belief in objective reality that can be understood through systematic observation, factual data, and logical proof. In their opinion, reality is measurable. When communicating, they would like to convey direct, explicit and personal information to express themselves clearly. As for silence, however, they may be less comfortable if not d
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