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V.3.1. Berne Convention was revised in the following years:

1896 (Paris), 1908 (Berlin), 1914 (Berne), 1928 (Rome), 1948 (Brussels), 1967 (Stockholm), 1971 (Paris), Amended in 1979 (Paris)

V.3.2. Countries which became parties to the Berne Convention

United Kingdom signed the Berne Convention in 1887 but did not implement it until 100 years later, when the ‘Copyright, Designs and Patents Act of 1988’ was passed.

The United States refused initially to become a party to the Convention. However, on March 1, 1989, the US ‘Berne Convention Implementation Act of 1988’ came into force. Since almost all nations are members of the World Trade Organization, the Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement requires non-members to accept the conditions of the Berne Convention.

As of April 2007, 163 countries, including India, are parties to the Berne Convention.

The following requirements were mentioned under the Berne Convention:

All works except photographic and cinematographic shall be copyrighted for at least 50 years after the author's death (but the concerned parties are free to provide longer terms).

Photography – a minimum term of 25 years from the year the photograph was created

Cinematography – a minimum is 50 years after first showing, or 50 years after creation if it hasn't been shown within 50 years after the creation.

Countries under the older revisions of the treaty may choose to provide their own protection terms, and certain types of works (such as phonorecords and motion pictures) may be provided shorter terms.

Although the Berne Convention states that the copyright law of the country where copyright is claimed shall be applied, article 7.8 states that ‘unless the legislation of that country otherwise provides, the term shall not exceed the term fixed in the country of origin of the work i.e. an author is normally not entitled a longer copyright abroad than at home, even if the laws abroad give a longer term. This is known as ‘the rule of the shorter term’.

It can be stated that the Berne convention has inspired several countries like India t本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。