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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:本科毕业论文 Thesis登出时间:2014-08-05编辑:felicia点击率:17880
论文字数:10605论文编号:org201408042144009285语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:竞争精神体育赛事spirit of competitionsporting eventcompetitive conflicts
摘要:本文是一篇美国留学论文。竞争精神是体育赛事的基本原则之一,很多体育赛事通过竞争分出输赢,不仅体育的发展。竞争,无论是对于一个人来说还是对于一个团体来说都是极为重要的,能够促进组织和团队的蒸蒸日上。
The 2002 / 2003 season saw a reduction in the money spent on this area from the £407 million in 2001 / 2002, to £187 million, a drop of forty-two present (42%). This sanity extended to the English Football League as well where the decline was eighty-two present (82%), dropping from £84 million to £16 million. The preceding figures are the lowest wage growth total recorded since the twenty (20) Club breakaway. The understanding that the quickest means to curb spending by reining in wage expenditures is a step in the right direction.
The fact that wages are negotiated in 2002 / 2003 pounds and spread out over the contract period lessens the burden in successive years if revenue remains constant.
Even with the curbing of spending the Premier League will still reap increased income in the 2004 / 2005 season with a projected rise of2.3% from £1.33 billion to £1.36 billion. Broadcasting revenue distribution in the Premier League loses its equality after the first50%, which is split evenly. After that, the remainder is divided based upon the number of broadcast appearances and place of finish. Quite naturally a payoff Club is back at the broadcast feast, reaping additional income.
This ‘icing’ format invites calculated gambles by Club management to offset the cost of new talent that might get them into next year’s payoffs, versus standing pat and hoping performance will improve. With the added revenue gain and pots of gold from the championship and European Cup invitations such a calculation is business decision that can yield highly profitable returns just for the team reaching the finals. The English Football League’s equal distribution plan for televised games is a decidedly better situation, but the lack of a lucrative broadcast deal means the Clubs must reply on gate receipts and merchandising efforts.
Fans respond to contenders. Even last year’s last place Club at the beginning of a season has optimism until losing sets in. And with losing comes smaller crowds, and limited merchandising revenues. Of course the reverse is true at the other side of the standings coin. Those teams making a run or continuing their winning ways reap increased ticket sales and merchandising opportunities. It is interesting that fans form the entire revenue equation. If they attend the games, they pay it out directly to the Club’s coffers.
Past gate and broadcast viewing play into the calculations for successive seasons, thus the lower rung Clubs have a particularly steep hill to climb as they must put together some sort of a game winning run and get their numbers up for future merchandising opportunities. Those English Football Le本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。