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erence and the holistic effect brought about by its images should be highly respected. Of course, when the image of Chinese poetry is translated, it is required that the holistic effect should be taken into primary consideration. But this should not obscure the significance of every individual image, because the individual images are the physical base on which the imagery as a whole is established. Different translation strategies should be used according to its importance in composing and representing the holistic poem.

4.3 The Strategies of Translating Images in Chinese Poetry

As we know, there are many cultural approaches can be adopted in translating the poetic images, such as cultural preservation, cultural substitution and cultural transplantation and cultural compensation, etc. The translator may choose different methods according to the different relationship between cultures. 

About culture, there are many classifications, while the most pervasive one includes ecology, material culture, religious culture, social culture and linguistic culture, which is proposed by Nida. But from the perspective of similarity and difference lying in two cultures, the author believes there are three types of the relations among cultures ---- cultural overlap, cultural parallelism and cultural default. When the poetic images are translated from one culture into another, the first consideration of the translation strategy selection should be the cultural relations.

4.3.1 Cultural Overlap

Cultural overlap means that some images exist in both source culture and target culture and have the same meaning. The target readers could receive the sentiment from the poetic image as much as what the native readers receive from the source text. Under this circumstance, literal translation should be adopted in rendering the images in Chinese poetry. For example:

花间一壶酒，独酌无相亲。
举杯邀明月，对影成三人。
――李白《月下独酌》

From a pot of wine among the flowers,
I drank alone. There was no one with me
Till raising my cup, I asked the bright moon
To bring me my shadow and make us three.
---- Tr. Witter Bynner

Here, “花”, “一壶酒”, “杯” and “影” are all non-figurative images and the readers would feel melancholy from the sentiment expressed by these images. So the literal translation strategy shall be used here. What’s more, some cultural images are formed on the basis of human’s common experience and concept. As a result, both people share similar description of some images with common features. Under this situation, we may also reserve the image of the original poetry and adopt the literal translation strategy. 

From the above analysis, literal translation, the most frequently used method, emphasizing word-for-word translation, helps transfer the source culture into the target culture when the meaning of the images is overlapped in the cultural sense, but sometimes literal translation may distort the sense of the original when the cultural meaning of the poetic images are not overlapped.

Generally speaking, literal translation deals with the surface appearance of words without a reflection of the directions of meaning that the original author tried to materialize behind that surface. The readers of such a translation will be confused and w本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。