现代英语新词分析 [2]
论文作者:陈晓燕论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-09编辑:刘宝玲点击率:17710
论文字数:26000论文编号:org200904091709537915语种:中文 Chinese地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:新词来源构词法趋势Neologismssourcesword-formation processestrend
War(科索沃战争) ; after the Third World(第三世界), there is the Fourth World(第四世界) (refers to the poorest country) ; the statemen of each country deal with the foreign affairs frequently,it is the shuttle diplomacy(穿梭外交) ; the conference attended by the leaders of seven western countries was called G-7 Summit(G-7峰会) ; trade disputes always arise among the Japan, America, and Eupro countries in recent years, the so-called Trade War(贸易战). These neologisms reflect the change of world situation at the right time and record the social changes correctly.
In 1992, Bill Clinton was elected to be President depending on the slogan “it’s the economy, stupid ”,but how about the economy condition after four years ? According to the report of Organization for Economy Cooperation and Development, America is the most unequal distribution of income among the advanced industrialized countries. Americans now always talk about income gap(收入差别的鸿沟), the growing gap between the rich and everyone else(富人与其他人之间的越来越大的鸿沟) , income inequality(收入不平等), economic inequality(经济不平等), wealth disparity(贫富差距).
Politics influences the language and its vocabulary, and the newly-coined vocabulary reflects the political changes.
B. Economic Aspect
With the rapid development of world economy and the coming of ecnomic globlization. There are so many neologisms created to keep abreast of this situation. We can see some of the ecomoic orgnizations and treaties. For instance, the well-known WTO(World Trade Organization) ; the NAFTA(North American Free Trade Agreement) ; to strengthen the alliance of ecnomy, the Europ Union made a decision to carry out the untied currency Euro, and in order to unify the Europ Market ; with the emergence of cyber-economy(网络经济) , some English new words are coined. Such as cyber-commerce(电子商务) , e-tail(电子零售) , cyberstar(网络明星), cyberpet(电子宠物) , etc. Nowadays, people can use a plastic(信用卡) to withdraw money on the hole-in-the-wall(ATM)(自动取款机) ; in the supermarket, customers can consume goods by loyality card (贵宾卡) and member card( 会员卡) ; to provide a good shopping evironment for the consumers, the shopping streets for pedestrians only are constructed all over the world frequently.so there is the new word pedestrian mall (步行街)created.
C. Science and Technology Aspect
The development of science and technology is the most important aspect for the appearing of English neologisms.
For example, launching the spaceship is a symbol which marks the advancement of technology, so many of the new words connected with the spaceship are widely used. Such as space sickness(宇航病), deep space(深空间). At the end of 2002, our country launched the ShenZhou Four Spaceship successfully, the foreign medium first used the word taikonaut. After the launching of ShenZhou Five, this new word is appeared frequently in the medium of western countries.
At the same time , the advanced Medical Science also brings a host of English new words. They are including medical jarons, the names of newly developed medicine, and some of the new germ or virus. For example : test-tube baby(试管婴儿), anthrax(炭疽), mad-cow disease(疯牛病), foot-and-mouth(口蹄疫), trans***ual operation(变性手术), cloning(克隆), SARS(非典型性肺炎), laparoscopy(腹腔镜手术), botox(肉毒杆菌),etc.
The development of computer technology causes a large number of the neologisms are created. In the cyberspace(网络世界), you can see many of the pop-up ads(网上出现的弹式广告) ; you can go to any website to surf (网上冲浪)or browse(网上漫游) ; maybe you can sign up to be a netizen(网
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