摘要:本文以马来西亚为例,从该国语言、食物等的特色来分析马来西亚文化的特点,随后介绍了该国如何利用电视媒体对民族文化进行维护,也阐述了全球化背景下媒体发展对该国民族文化带来的消极影响。
文化和媒体政策
什么是“民族文化”?
随着时代变迁,它是否发生改变?如果是,如何改变?
无论对居民或者国家本身来说,民族文化都是一项非常重要的资产,需要我们保存和维护。基于现有的研究,文化可以被定义为一套累计而成的体系,包括知识、信仰、经验、态度、意义、社会背景和宗教。每个国家都有自己的文化,这使每个国家都有自己的特点和个性。除此之外,民族文化同样也是每个国家极力维护的重要内容之一,唯有如此我们才能将它传给后人继承。如果在马来西亚说起民族文化,该国居民绝大多数会因为他们有很丰富的文化而感到自豪,从这个国家拥有多类型的宗教、人种、少数民族和社会背景就可见一斑。因此,所有这些都是同一种民族文化的不同表现形式,在马来语中被称之为“马来文化”。
根据研究,从马来西亚最早有历史以来至今,一直面临着文化的混入和融合。早在5000多年前,马来西亚就开始接纳来自中国和印度的文化,并且与它们进行文化交流。
Cultural and media policy
Published: 23, March 2015
What is 'National Culture'?
Does it change overtime, and if so, how?
The national culture becomes a very important asset to keep and taking care of, by the citizens in its country itself. Basically based on the research provided, culture can be defined as a cumulative system about knowledge, beliefs, experiences, attitudes, meaning, background, and religions. Every country has its own culture, which makes its country has its own uniqueness and characteristics. Besides that the national culture also becomes an important part for every country to taking care of, so we can give it to the other generation. When we talk about the national culture in Malaysia, the people in its country were absolutely very blessed to have a lot of cultures, it can be seen from the different types of religions, races or ethnics, and background; thus, all of it are forms into one of the national culture or in Malay language usually called as a 'Kebudayaan Malaysia'.
Based on the research, the Malaysians culture have been meeting and mixing since the very beginning of the
history of Malaysia until nowadays. It's been more than fifty hundreds years a go the Malaysians are welcoming and trading the new culture from China and India to be accepted in here. Basically there are many aspects, including the media, which are playing an important role to develop and introduce the Malaysians national culture to the local citizens and the world wide countries, even though the media also become the main reason why the national culture can be change over the time. Later on, I will explain in details more about the national culture in Malaysia, which can be seen from the society, language, and cuisine point of view. Furthermore, I will also discuss in details in either the national culture could be changed by using more specific reason and examples provided.
Malaysia is a country which has a population of about to reach 2.8 million in this 2010 (based on the Department of statistic and economic planning unit Malaysia). When we talk about the classification of the society, Michael Pinches on his book has stated that, 'Malaysia shows an unusually balanced ethnic structure made up of two dominant groups; the indigenous groups or bumiputra, and the immigrant groups for Chinese and Indian citizens' (1999-113). In Malaysian society, basically there are three kind of main ethnicity which consist of the Malays who are Muslims and a form majority of the races, with 65.1 percent of the percentage; Chinese who are mostly Buddhist and Christian with 26.6 percent; and lastly is Indian who are mainly Hindu's and Christian with 7.7 percent. As for the last percent percentage of Malaysians citizens are consists of the population which includes the Eurasians and the group of people from Sabah and Sarawak which are located in north of Borneo (allmalaysia.info). These kinds of differences a
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