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Among the factors of success to any business, employees form a considerably important part (Sagas, 2000). In that same case, employees are important resource and enabler in the successful achievement of the multiple entrepreneurs' vision. Such a successful achievement of the multiple firms is in their ability to attract and retain the correct blend of complementary skills to those of the social multiple entrepreneur (Sagas, 2000).

According to Bornstein (2004), retaining staff in multiple entrepreneurial setting is challenging, especially to social entrepreneurs, owing to the lack/shortage of financial resources, inability to guarantee employment security or give attractive salaries. They also face the challenge of incentivizing staff through non-financial awards, and instead choose to use charisma in enlisting the commitment of others in the absence of financial compensation (Roper and Cheney, 2005). In the Ireland's case, the research found that volunteers were common in social multiple entrepreneurships especially in the early development stages but recommended that overdependence in volunteers should not be regarded as a long term strategy (O'Hara, 2001).

A multiple entrepreneur must enter into new and innovative partnerships with other entrepreneurs and government agencies to source for revenue and new ideas, i.e. the use of networks for new enterprises, getting markets, customer information, realizing new and competitive opportunities, providing introductions to possible funding sources as well as in generating local support for the enterprises (Shaw and Carter, 2007). Participating in networks adds to the exposure of the multiple enterprises to the broader external stakeholder context of funding and support agencies which are vital from the viewpoint of multiple entrepreneurial success measurement, (Darby and Jenkins, 2006).

2.2. Content-Base Theories of Motivation

According to Sara Carter (1998), the content theories are also referred to as “needs-theories”, and are based on the individuals. In the context of multiple entrepreneurships, they explain why their needs keep changing overtime, therefore focusing on the specific factors that motivate them. There are four major content theories of motivation developed by theorists that try to explain why the needs of an individual should be taken into consideration in understanding what motivates multiple entrepreneurs. If these needs are not satisfied or met, then it is not likely that multiple entrepreneurs will be motivated to carry out their ventures and meet their goals and objectives (Churchill and Lewis, 1983). The theories are as follows;

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory

Hertzberg's two Factor Theory,

Alderfer's ERG Theory, and

McClelland's 3 Needs Theory

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory

According to Sara Carter (1998), the theory developed by Ibrahim Maslow in 1943, is based on the fact that it is the unfulfilled needs that le本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。