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ons from ships. One of noticeable things of most R&D projects is they are preparing for the technological advantages of next generation. In other words, they have been considering the application of fuel cell for the substitution of current internal combustion engine. Although the Grid Parity [5] of alternative power source makes it hard to apply the early adoption of them, many R&D activities are already at the proof stage of pilot test by construction of prototype.

因此，许多欧洲机构支持为减少船舶排放的温室气体的研发活动。这些研发项目中最引人注目的事情是，他们正在研究下一代的技术优势。换句话说，他们已经考虑到燃料电池是目前内燃机的替代应用。虽然电网低价[5]导致替代电源早期很难应用，但许多研发活动已经处在构建原型试验的证明阶段。

Korean technologies for reducing GHG emissions

为减少温室气体排放的韩国技术

Although Korea has the largest shipbuilders in the World, only few competitive marine equipment manufacturers having source technologies exist. Most marine equipment companies are SM scale enterprises and do not have enough capitals to invest R&D activities. Therefore, most technologies for reducing GHG emissions have been developed by giant shipbuilders.

虽然韩国拥有世界上最大的造船企业，但仍仅有几个竞争力的船用设备制造商拥有源技术存在。大多数海洋设备公司是 SM 规模企业，并没有足够的资金来投资研究活动。因此，大多数为减少温室气体排放量的技术由大型造船企业研发。

Table Fuel saving appendages

节油附属物表

As can be shown in Table 3, the big 3 builders of Korea mainly focused on the improvement of propeller and hull interactions. Hyundai Heavy Industries (HHI) developed and applied “Thrust Fin” attached at a rudder, which can save 3——6% of fuel consumption, to improve propulsive power. Samsung Heavy Industries (SHI) developed “Saver Fin” appended at the stern of a ship to save 3——5% of fuel consumption and reduce hull vibration. Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering (DSME) also developed “pre-swirl stator”, which can reduce 5% of fuel consumption, appended at the front of propellers.

如表3显示，韩国3大制造商主要集中在螺旋桨和船体相互作用的提高。现代重工（HHI）开发和应用“推力鳍”安装在舵上，可节省油耗3-6％，提高推进力。三星重工（SHI）开发的“节电翅”附加在船的尾部，以节省油耗3-5％，降低船体振动。大宇造船与海洋工程（DSME）还制定了“预旋定子”，从而达到降低油耗5％，附加在螺旋桨的前面。

On the other hand, W?rtsil? and HHI established joint company to manufacture duel fuel engines. Also, DSME and Man Diesel developed high pressure LNG injection engine which can reduce 23% of emissions of CO2 and other pollutants.

另一方面，W?rtsil? 和HHI 建立合资公司生产双燃料发动机。此外，大宇造船和曼柴油机研制高压液化天然气直喷发动机，可减少二氧化碳和其他污染物的排放量的23％。

Conclusively, Korean shipbuilding industry does not have enough core technologies relating marine engines or reluctant to invest high risk R&D activities from the point of view of innovative propulsion systems. As a result they choose low risk business such as establishment of a joint company. Therefore, it needs to stimulate more investment on 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。