美国爱国者法案相关论文 [3]
论文作者:英语论文论文属性:本科毕业论文 Thesis登出时间:2014-09-24编辑:zcm84984点击率:14261
论文字数:5706论文编号:org201409192207557492语种:英语 English地区:美国价格:免费论文
关键词:EconomicsLaw EssayUsa Patriot爱国者法案恐怖主义法案
摘要:本文是关于美国爱国者法案国际自由的废除的留学生作业,9/11恐怖袭击后,美国处于恐惧和混乱中。它通过了到目前为止最深远的和最有争议的行动之一, 通过提供拦截和阻止恐怖主义行为的适当的工具来团结并强大美国。
according to FISA, for no more than one hundred and twenty days and that those agents may be subject to physical searches for the time period. In addition, if needed, this time period can be extended by as much as one year. 208 amends the FISA and changes the number of judges on its surveillance court to eleven, three of which must reside close to Washington D.C. 209 lets warrants authorize the seizure of voice-mail messages. 210 alters the scope for subpoenas dealing with electronic communication; the section lets officials request addresses and the “means and source of payment…(including any credit card or bank account number).” Section 212 prohibits companies from disclosing information except when doing so would “protect life and limb.” Agencies are, by 213, exempt from immediately notifying involved parties about the execution of a warrant if doing so would hinder an investigation or if the warrant states that the parties will be notified within a “reasonable” time. 214 extends the FISA to include pen registers, which record every outgoing number or IP address from a line, and trap and traces, which record every incoming number or IP address, and lets these methods be used on US citizens as long as the basis for the investigation isn’t rooted solely in actions protected by the First Amendment. In essence, 214 lets authorities monitor a suspect person’s communications. The next part, Section 215, gives the director of the FBI the power to obtain “tangible things” from companies for use in an investigation, even if there isn’t any probable cause, and once again requires that the investigation not be based entirely upon actions protected by the First Amendment. The request for the production of these items must be submitted to a judge for approval, but the judge’s decision can be ex parte. 215 also requires that the Attorney General inform Congress of statistics related to requests for items. 216 amends part of the United States Code so that court orders for pen registers or trap and traces are issued ex parte and can be used on people not specified in the original issuing if “the attorney for the Government or law enforcement or investigative officer that is serving the order shall provide…certification that the order applies to the [new] person or entity.” State officers can also issue court orders for these devices if they can show “that the information obtained by such installation and use is relevant to an ongoing criminal investigation.” [x] Section 217 lets investigators eavesdrop on computer trespassers, people who are not authorized to have physical access to the machine, or anyone if the computer’s owner authorizes the action. The computer in must be a “‘protected computer,’” a definition that “includes effectively any computer.” Furthermore, monitoring communications under this section doesn’t have judicial oversight. [xi] 218 extends the FISA so that it can be used in any investigation where foreign intelligence is a concern—before it had to be the only concern. [xii] 219 enables judges to issue search warrants for “within or outside their district” in terrorist investigations. 220 makes search warrants issued by courts for electronic evidence applicable to any part of the country. Under 221, trade sanctions are levied against the Taliban and areas under Taliban control. People or organizations who aid an investigation are to be “reasonably compensated,” according to 222. Section 223 provides details for dealing with unau
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