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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2013-08-27编辑:yangcheng点击率:6315
论文字数:1434论文编号:org201308262019573256语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
摘要:建设“两型社会”是中国实现社会经济可持续发展的现实战略选择,它对于全面贯彻落实科学发展观,实现资源的可持续利用,探索走一条有别于传统的“高投入、高污染、高消耗、低产出”的新型集约型经济增长方式具有重要意义。
中国能源对外依赖程度越来越大,以石油资源为例,中国石油消耗量从1993年到2002年的十年间年均增长5.11%,远远超过同期世界年均增长的1.37%,从1993年开始,中国成为石油的净进口国,在上世纪90年代,中国每年净进口增长量不到1000万吨,而到了2000年以后,尤其是近两年,每年净进口增长量达到了大约2000万吨。
China increasingly dependent on foreign energy, petroleum resources, for example, Chinese oil consumption from 1993 to 2002, average annual growth of 5.11 percent decade, far exceeding the world average annual growth rate over the same period of 1.37%, from 1993 beginning, China has become a net importer of oil in the 1990s, China's annual growth in net imports is less than 10 million tons, and by 2000, especially in the last two years, the annual growth in net imports amounted to about 20 million tons. An annual increase of 20 million tons, the domestic exploration and development can not make up the gap. In 2003, China imported 91.12 million tons of oil, 38% degree of external dependence, in 2010 China's oil import dependency reached 44%. 2020, dependence on foreign oil may approach 60%, with China's current level is very. Thus, the reasonable protection of resources and improve resource utilization will become more important.
中国矿产资源较为丰富,但人均占有量仅为世界平均水平的58%,大型和超大型矿产比重很小,贫矿、难选矿和共伴生矿多,尤其是铁、铜、铅、锌、金、铝土等多为贫矿,难选比重大,开采成本普遍比较高,实际可供利用的资源比例较低。
China's mineral resources are more abundant, but per capita is only 58% of the world average, large and very large proportion of small mineral, lean ore, hard of associated minerals beneficiation and more, especially iron, copper, lead, zinc, gold , bauxite and other minerals for the poor, refractory than the major, widespread mining cost is relatively high, the actual use of the resources available for a lower proportion. China 45 major mineral resources per capita is less than half the world's average, coal, oil, natural gas, iron ore, copper and aluminum and other important mineral resources per capita reserves were equivalent to the world average of 11%, 79%, 42%, 18% and. According to the National Development and Reform Commission predicted that by 2020, China's major metals and non-metallic mineral resources, the level of protection for storage, in addition to the level of protection of limited resources such as rare earth is 100%, the rest were dropped significantly. Mineable limestone life of 30 years and 20 years for phosphorus, sulfur less than 10 years. In the energy supply and demand, China's coal supply and demand balance of natural gas in general, but the oil resources has been far can not meet domestic construction. Since 1993, China's oil from a net exporter into a net importer, imports increased year by year.
Mineral resources supply and demand situation is grim in the case of China's serious waste of mineral resources, comprehensive utilization rate is very low.
在矿产资源供需形势严峻的情况下,中国矿产资源的浪费现象严重,综合利用率极低。中国矿产资源的综合回收率平均不超过50%,综合利用率约为30%。有色金属矿产资源综合回收率为35%,黑色金属矿产资源综合回收率仅为30%,比发达国家低20%。
Chinese mineral resources comprehensive recovery average of less than 50%, the comprehensive utilization rate of approximately 30%. Non-ferrous mineral resources comprehensive recovery was 35%, ferrous metal mineral resources comprehensive recovery of only 30%, 20% lower than in developed countries. In China more than 2,000 existing mines tailings tailings inventory of about 50 million tons, an annual increase of 300 million tons of solid waste emissions, while the average utilization rate of only 8.本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。