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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2014-05-07编辑:lgg点击率:4330
论文字数:34200论文编号:org201405071121405786语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:$ 66
摘要:As mentioned above, the anxiety level plays an important role in one’s foreignlanguage learning process. Compared with the commonly-used traditional teachingmethod, more effective instructional ways to alleviate the students’ foreign languageanxiety is worth exploring.
2.2 Foreign Language Anxiety
2.2.1 Definitions of Foreign Language Anxiety
Anxiety belongs to the psychological field. Related to the definition of anxiety,there are many different versions. Spielberger (1972) defines anxiety as “anunpleasant emotional state or condition which is characterized by subjective feelingsof tension, apprehension and worry, and by activation or arousal of the automaticnervous system”. Leary (1982) puts forward the following definition, “Anxiety refersto a cognitive-affective response characterized by psychological arousal (indicative ofsympathetic nervous system activation ) and apprehension regarding a potentiallynegative outcome that the individual perceives as impending”. According to May (qtd.in Engler 1995), “ Anxiety is the apprehension cued off by a threat to some value thatthe individual holds essential to his or her existence as a person”.As an important affective variables, many linguists have conducted a lot ofresearches on anxiety in foreign language teaching. Thus they expanded it to theeducational field as foreign language anxiety. The definition of foreign languageanxiety was initially proposed by the American psychologist Horwitz et al. (1986) as“a distinct complex of self-perceptions, beliefs, feelings, and behaviors related toclassroom language learning arising from the uniqueness of the language learningprocess”.MacIntyre (1991) proposed that foreign language anxiety is a situation specificanxiety that relates to environments of foreign language learning, and it can be feltwhen one is required to use a foreign language. In 1994, MacIntyre and Gardenerformulated a more exact definition of foreign language anxiety as the feeling ofuneasiness, worry, nervousness and apprehension experienced by non-native speakerswhen learning or using a second or foreign language and these feelings may stemfrom any second language context whether associated with the productive skills ofspeaking and writing, or the receptive skills of reading and listening.
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Chapter Three Methodology........26
3.1 Research Questions.....263.2 Subjects .........26
3.3 Instruments....28
3.3.1 Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale.....28
3.3.2 The PETS-3 Test Papers ........29
3.3.3 SPSS V 17.0......30
3.4 Research Design..........30
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