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ed to IPR.

Developing countries can also seek regional and international cooperation in creating an adequate infrastructure in their countries and in training personnel. An alternative to reducing some of the cost implications of implementing the IPR policy is to allow for the centralization of certain technical tasks at a regional level.

The international research community needs to increase their research efforts and investigation on the theoretical and practical implications of increased Intellectual Property Protection on agricultural research environment and technologies generated for farmers in developing countries. Further research on development and application of marketing tools and methods to address the decision problems facing researchers and technology transfer managers is also needed to avoid making uneconomic IP decisions that is a drain on the research system.

According to Professor Peter Drahos who conducted a study on Developing Countries and International Intellectual Property Standard-setting, the following recommendations were made for developing countries:

These nations should use the Council for TRIPS to create a practice of asking states to explain bilateral departures from multilaterally agreed IP standards.

Developing countries should use the WTO Trade Review Policy Mechanism to review distortions in trade being caused by excessively high intellectual property standards.

Trade policy bodies/institutes within developing countries should investigate the viability of forming a developing country Quad.

An self-governing review of WIPO’s current private sector income and development spending should be undertaken to assess the likelihood of WIPO playing a role in the UN Programme of Action for the Least Developed Countries for the Decade 2001-2010.

Developing countries should increase their participation in the WIPO standard-setting process especially their involvement in expert groups and enlarging the amount of experts participating in WIPO meetings. Developed countries could help by financing aid projects aimed at setting up structures for cooperation amongst ministries/regulators which have know-how to put in the development of intellectual property issues within a developing country.

Developed countries should review their ways of trade negotiations with developing countries with a view to guaranteeing that development objectives remain a priority during those negotiations
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