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论文作者:论文格式论文属性:英语论文选题登出时间:2014-12-03编辑:lynn406点击率:10094
论文字数:3738论文编号:org201412022115394978语种:英语 English地区:爱尔兰价格:免费论文
关键词:patentintellectual rightssharing
摘要:摘要:本文是关于传统知识产权的留学生论文。首先,论文把传统知识产权与普通知识产权做对比分析,继而从三个不同的方面论述。最后作者得出了论文结论,条理清晰,概括了知识产权的知识。
Moreover, sufficient rewards are offered to inventors by patents for developing inventions to the commercially practical state. As Samuelson observed, the chief justification for intellectual property law in the Anglo-American tradition is economic35, without it inventors would have too little incentive for the production of new inventions. Take pharmaceutical industry for example, with the advent of new technology and its increasing complexity, the costs expended in research and development (R&D) are incredibly substantial. Without the patent protection which a profitable return on investment, no companies and organisations would take risks of funding the development of new inventions.
However, such an incentive cannot be achieved by legal means only, the stimulus is also governed by various and independent factors such as Marketing skills, the level of demand for the invention, the availability of alternatives and the reliability of the invention itself. Some even argued that inventive activity, for the most part, is spontaneous rather than being inspired by the prospect reward guaranteed by patent protection.
The incentive-based theory is a looking-forward approach, investors will be stimulated to make more inventions and to invest the necessary time and money because the patents assure the successful exploitation of inventions.
Exchange-for-secrets arguments
As was presented above, what the patent system does is to grant a twenty-year period of protection in return for the inventor's agreement to reveal details of his invention or innovation and ultimately to abandon his property right in it. In essence, protection is given for information. Historically, the information function has been patent's strongest justification.38 The public interest although might be jeopardised by the grant of limited exclusive right is secured by the disclosure of technical information that may have otherwise remained secret. 39 In addition, patent information is self-upgrading and avoids replication of effort and economic waste.
This function was strengthened by the 1977 Patents Act and the EPC41, which emphasise the need for the invention to be disclosed in a manner that it could readily be put into practical application. In Falconer J`s words, there must be an enabling disclosure.
While admitting patent system's important role in generating and circulating information, it is questioned whether the grant of an exclusive property right is the best way of gathering information. Since there is no consistent patent system across different jurisdictions, problems with classification, with language, wit本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。