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论文作者:论文格式论文属性:英语论文选题登出时间:2014-12-03编辑:lynn406点击率:10098
论文字数:3738论文编号:org201412022115394978语种:英语 English地区:爱尔兰价格:免费论文
关键词:patentintellectual rightssharing
摘要:摘要:本文是关于传统知识产权的留学生论文。首先,论文把传统知识产权与普通知识产权做对比分析,继而从三个不同的方面论述。最后作者得出了论文结论,条理清晰,概括了知识产权的知识。
Justifications for the legal protection of patents
Nearly every country has chosen to adopt patent system because it stimulates technical progress in at least four aspects. First, it encourages research and invention; secondly, it acts as incentives to individuals and organisations to disclose information which may have otherwise remained secret; thirdly, inventors are offered sufficient reward for developing inventions to the commercially practical state; fourthly, it provides an inducement to invest a great deal of time, money and effort in new lines of production which might not be profitable if many competing producers embarked on them concurrently. 27
There are four justifications for the grant of patent proposed by Machlup: natural rights arguments, reward arguments, incentive-based arguments and exchange-for-secrets arguments. 28 Each one will be considered in turn.
Natural rights arguments
The natural arguments for patents are similar to those for copyright law treated in section 2.1.1. Each individuals should have a right of property over the product resulted from his mental labour and this right should be protected from being exploited by others.
Reward arguments
This theory argues that inventor's ingenuity in making useful invention should be rewarded by the grant of patent protection which guarantees sufficient recompense for his or her contribution. 30
In Asahi, Lord Oliver said:
the underlying purpose of the patent system is the encouragement of improvements and innovation. In return for making known his improvement to the public the inventor receives the benefit of a period of monopoly during which he becomes entitled to prevent others from performing his invention except by his licence.
But the monopolies granted by patent system should be limited in duration and scope to avoid the abuse of rights and be balanced against right holders' economic aspirations and power. The central problem is to balance “the utility gains from increa本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。