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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:学期论文 termpaper登出时间:2014-11-20编辑:Cinderella点击率:9473
论文字数:4376论文编号:org201411181610116097语种:英语 English地区:美国价格:免费论文
关键词:human rightsfood securityAfrica粮食危机英语论文
摘要:人权向来是全球关注的热点问题,其中粮食安全意味着人类基本生存的权利。非洲粮食危机依然是我们要面临的严峻的挑战。从根本来说,饥饿或者粮食危机都是政治问题,需要以政治手段来应对和化解。还需要全球范围的通力合作。
Hunger and food insecurity are closely correlated to poverty and also an incapability to buy food. Fighting food shortage cannot be resolved through merely producing more food. Famines have happened even where there is lots of food. Many people purchase food instead of producing it; indeed incredibly few people, comprising small-scale farmers, are wholly self-adequate in food production. What is happening in Sub-Sahara Africa, in specific, is that there is poor harvest, thus individuals have undertaken to sell off livestock and assets to purchase food. (WFP, 2002)
Decreased fresh water availability, related with possible declines in rainfall amounts, is raising the danger of contamination of water. It is necessary to note the relationship among under-nutrition, absence of potable water and cholera or diarrhoea, which is one of the world's five major killers. (WFP, 2002)
Land tenure security is also a determinant of food production; land is a critical resource for a lot of people for them to get away from poverty. Land distribution in sub-Sahara Africa is very unequal that land reforms and also land redistribution is necessary if there is to be any key poverty reduction. Land reform agendas have huge possibility to raise agricultural production; however it is important that reforms be go along with all-inclusive programmes of agriculture reforms including access to credit services, savings and also markets in rural regions if they are to deeply level out the inefficiencies of disparities. (WFP, 2002)
HIV/AIDS
The recent food shortage crisis is inextricably correlated to the prevalent HIV epidemic which has worsened the calamity. Sub-Saharan Africa is the worst hit section, with 9% of the total population infected with HIV/AIDS. In Southern Africa, infection rates average about 25% of the total population, while 58% of the affected are women, where women take part in agricultural production, food security at the family and society stage is being gravely threatened. Every dimension of food security; availability, access, stability and food use; are impacted where the HIV/AIDS prevalence is high. Farming abilities are being mislaid, agricultural growths efforts are falling short, rural incomes are disintegrating, industrious ability to toil the land is decreasing and family earnings are declining. In ten most affected Sub-Sahara African nations, labour force reduction ranging from 10 to 26% are predicted. The UN approximated that 9.6% of the Zimbabwe's farmin本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。