摘要:In general, people who have higher level education tend to held less prejudice towards others, so education appears to be an effective way in reducing prejudice.
1. Given the situation of there are many citizens holding a positive attitude toward our party but they may not take action to vote in the election, so we need to change the final voting behavior by analyzing their attitude first.
First, our attitudes do predict our behavior 1) when we are less influenced by others, 2) when the attitude is specific to the behavior, and 3) when the attitude is strong enough.
Furthermore, according to previous studies, it shows that asking people to predict whether they will perform a socially desirable action appears to increase their probability of performing the action, it can be explained under the situation of when attitudes specific to the behavior are examined, the theory of planned behavior can be applied here, that is (a) attitudes, (b) perceived social norms, and (c) feelings of control together determine one’s intensions, which guide behaviors; even simply asking people about their intentions to engage in a behavior increases it likelihood.
In our case, because many citizens have already hold a positive attitude toward our party, there is one
strategy according to planned behavior we can adopt, that is we can contact these citizens by telephone and ask them to predict whether they would perform voting behavior in the upcoming election if they gave positive answer, then we told them we will mark in front of your name to show you will vote for us and tell this result to others at the same time. The second step embodies the situation of when others influences on behavior are minimal, once individual make promise in front of public, their attitude get less influence by others, people will more tend to insist in their choice to the end.
Moreover, based on self-presentation concept, we get to know that people do not want to look foolishly inconsistent, so they express attitudes and show behavior that matches their previous actions. So let them make promise before the upcoming election can increase voting behavior hopefully.
However, we need to realize that sometimes people’s expressed attitudes hardly predicted their behavior; the attempts to change behavior by changing attitudes often fail.
So there is another strategy we can adopt, that is we can consider the foot-in-the-door phenomenon, in order to increase voting behavior in the upcoming election. Since people who have agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request. For many citizens have already hold a positive attitude toward our party, we can held an activity that let these citizens help us to stick bumper stickers on their cars or request them return a policy survey result, these small commitment can lead citizens increase their voting behavior in the upcoming election.
2. Conformity is a change inbehavior or belief as the result of real or imagined group pressure; whereas anti-conformity behavior is often based on a motivation for people try to maintain their sense of freedom.
It is hard to say whether conformity or anti-conformity behavior are good or bad, for they are high depends on what situation people are in.
First, Conformity happens under Informational Social Influence, since people look to others for information in order to be right.
For example, when you first come to a posh restaurant, you may look at the people around, to see what knife and fork to use and their order and manner. You take others behavior as a reference, conformity works very
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